Comparison of traditional dental plaque indices with real stained plaque area

Ji-Soo Kim; Yong-Hoon Yang; Eun-Joo Jun; Jin-Bom Kim; Seung-Hwa Jeong

doi:10.11149/jkaoh.2017.41.4.262

Journal List > J Korean Acad Oral Health > v.41(4) > 1057749

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Kim, Yang, Jun, Kim, and Jeong: Comparison of traditional dental plaque indices with real stained plaque area

Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health 2017; 41(4): 262-266.

Published online: 31 December 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11149/jkaoh.2017.41.4.262

Comparison of traditional dental plaque indices with real stained plaque area

Ji-Soo Kim^1,², Yong-Hoon Yang¹, Eun-Joo Jun¹, Jin-Bom Kim^1,², Seung-Hwa Jeong^1,²

¹Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.

²BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.

Corresponding Author: Seung-Hwa Jeong. Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Pusan National University School of Dentistry, 49 Busandaehak-ro, Meulgeum-up, Yangsan 501612, Korea. Tel: +82-51-510-8220, Fax: +82-51-510-8221, jsh0917@pusan.ac.kr

Received 26 September 2017 Revised 7 November 2017 Accepted 10 December 2017

Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health

(open-access):

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study was to compare Plaque Percent Index (PPI), calculated by Patient Hygiene Performance Index (PHPI), Rustogi's modification of the Navy Plaque Index (RMNPI), and the Quigley & Hein Plaque Index (QHPI), with visual assessment.

Methods

Ninety-six subjects, aged between 30–65 years, were examined; twenty subjects were included in the final analysis. The subjects' teeth were stained and photographed. Dental coloring and intraoral camera photography were performed by a single examiner. The oral images obtained were analyzed using Image J to measure the area of dental plaque. The values of PHPI, RMNPI, and QHPI were calculated twice. Statistical analyses were performed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient.

Results

The results of the correlation analyses of PPI with PHPI, QHPI, and RMNPI were as follows: for PHPI, the correlation coefficient (r)=0.584; for QHPI, r=0.689; and for RMNPI, r=0.729. Further, the kappa indices of PHPI, QHPI, and RMNPI were 0.810, 0.677, and 0.590 respectively.

Conclusions

Among RMNPI, QHPI, and PHPI dental plaque indices, RMNPI and QHPI showed a high degree of correlation with the actual stained dental plaque area; on the other hand, PHPI showed the highest kappa index.

Keywords: Dental plaque index, Intraoral camera, Plaque percent index

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Example of scoring by various indices. PHPI: Patient Hygiene Performance Index, RMNPI: Rustogi's Modification modified Navy Plaque Index, QHPI: Quigley & Hein Plaque Index.

Fig. 2

Examples of difference between PPI and various indices.

Table 1

Mean and standard deviation of PPI, PHPI, QHPI and RMNPI

Table 2

Correlation of PPI, PHPI, QHPI and RMNPI

Pearson's correlation coefficient ^**P<0.01, ^*P<0.05.

Table 3

Results of kappa index and percent agreement

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