Effect of preference drinks on tooth color reduction after tooth bleaching: A 12-momth follow-up study

Hyo Jin Goo; Min Jeong Cho; Yun Sook Jung; Ji Hye Kim; Fan Dong; Keun Bae Song

doi:10.11149/jkaoh.2016.40.1.55

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Goo, Cho, Jung, Kim, Dong, and Song: Effect of preference drinks on tooth color reduction after tooth bleaching: A 12-momth follow-up study

Original Article

J Korean Acad Oral Health 2016;40(1):55-60.

Published online: 12 March 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11149/jkaoh.2016.40.1.55

Effect of preference drinks on tooth color reduction after tooth bleaching: A 12-momth follow-up study

Hyo Jin Goo¹, Min Jeong Cho², Yun Sook Jung², Ji Hye Kim², Fan Dong³, Keun Bae Song²

¹Department of Dental Hygiene, Masan University, Changwon, Korea

²Department of Preventive Dentistry, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry, Daegu, Korea

³Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea

Corresponding Author: Keun Bae Song Department of Preventive Dentistry, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu 41940, Korea Tel: +82-53-660-6875 Fax: +82-53-423-2947 E-mail: kbsong@knu.ac.kr

Received 2 March 2016 Revised 22 March 2016 Accepted 23 March 2016

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives

This study aimed to observe the decrease in tooth color after home and office bleaching due to consumption of juice, soda, and coffee over a period of one year.

Methods

We obtained written consent from 30 subjects, who were divided into two groups i.e., home bleaching and office bleaching groups. They were treated with opalessence® and Zoom2 whitening gel, and the color of their teeth was assessed using shade Eye-NCC over a one-year period. A self-describing questionnaire was used to determine the frequency of juice, soda, and coffee consumption.

Results

The changes in color were measured before and after 1 day, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months. Although the tooth color slightly changed after 12 months, the teeth were brighter than the original color. Consumption of juices, sodas, and coffee is thought to be associated with decrease in tooth color, although the change was not statistically significant.

Conclusions

The ΔE* values showed that the tooth bleaching effect remained for 12 months. Consuming a normal amount of juice, sodas, and coffee does not significantly reduce tooth color after tooth bleaching.

Keywords: Color reduction, Preference drinks, Tooth bleaching

References

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Table 1.

Changes of tooth color after tooth bleaching

		Home bleaching	Office bleaching	P-value*
		CP 10%	HP 15%	P-value*
L*	Before	73.43±1.21	72.87±1.17	0.205
	After 1 day	77.21±1.39^a	75.53±0.81^a	0.001
	After 1 month	76.39±0.96^b	75.78±0.85^a	0.092
	After 3 months	76.58±0.92^b	75.83±0.99^a	0.040
	After 6 months	75.67±1.54^a,b	75.23±1.16^a,b	0.480
	After 12 months	75.21±1.25^a,b	74.31±1.05^b	0.022
	P-value**	<0.001	<0.001
a*	Before	0.33±0.37	0.69±0.74	0.236
	After 1 day	―0.41±0.26^a	0.20±0.49	<0.001
	After 1 months	―0.23±0.26^a	0.21±0.42	0.001
	After 3 months	―0.13±0.37^a,b	0.25±0.40	0.009
	After 6 months	0.19±0.20^b	0.30±0.27	0.144
	After 12 months	0.33±0.27^b	0.35±0.25	0.899
	P-value**		<0.001	0.615
b*	Before	15.37±2.25	16.03±1.48	0.493
	After 1 day	11.02±2.07^a	12.67±1.21	0.025
	After 1 month	11.91±2.10^b	12.76±1.40	0.290
	After 3 months	12.34±2.05^a,b	13.05±1.39	0.361
	After 6 months	12.03±2.31^b	13.16±1.79	0.152
	After 12 months	11.49±1.67^b	12.45±1.45	0.110
	P-value**		<0.001	0.053

10% Carbamide peroxide (CP 10%), 15% Hydrogen peroxide (HP 15%), mean±SD. P<0.05* Mann-Whitney test. P<0.05** Friedman test.

^a,b Different letters denote there are significant difference between period by Willcoxon test.

Table 2.

Differences of tooth shade (ΔE*) after bleaching

	Home bleaching	Office bleaching	P-value*
	CP 10%	HP 15%	P-value*
After 1 day	5.93±1.26^a	4.64±1.27^a	0.007
After 1 month	4.69±1.06^b	4.55±1.10^a	0.820
After 3 months	4.50±0.94^b	4.40±1.26^a	0.820
After 6 months	4.22±1.53^a,b	4.07±1.16^a,b	0.756
After 12 months	4.41±1.24^a,b	4.08±1.04^a,b	0.467
P-value**	<0.001	0.001

10% Carbamide peroxide (CP 10%), 15% Hydrogen peroxide (HP 15%). P<0.05* Mann-Whitney test. P<0.05** Friedman test.

^a,b Different letters denote there are significant difference between period by Willcoxon test.

Table 3.

Multiple linear regression analysis of change of tooth color and drinking intake after home bleaching

Home bleaching
Period	Independent variable	Unstandardized coefficient		standardized coefficient	t	VIF	P-value
		B	SE	
		1 month	Juice	―0.237				0.394	―0.182	―0.600	1.056	0.560
	Soda	0.221	0.615	0.108	0.360	1.029	0.726
	Coffee	―0.065	0.295	―0.067	―0.220	1.074	0.830
		F=0.152	R²=―0.222	Durbin-Watson=0.975
3 months	Juice	―0.280	0.274	―0.188	―1.021	1.005	0.329
	Soda	―0.806	0.211	―0.824	―3.813	1.376	0.003
	Coffee	0.512	0.150	0.738	3.410	1.379	0.006
		F=6.162	R²=0.627	Durbin-Watson=1.688
6 months	Juice	―0.034	0.394	―0.023	―0.087	1.187	0.932
	Soda	0.902	0.496	0.488	1.820	1.204	0.096
	Coffee	―0.807	0.480	―0.421	―1.682	1.051	0.121
		F=1.920	R²=0.344	Durbin-Watson=1.291
12 months	Juice	0.857	0.551	0.437	1.556	1.144	0.148
	Soda	―0.608	0.454	―0.392	―1.341	1.238	0.207
	Coffee	0.366	0.306	0.351	1.197	1.244	0.256
		F=1.168	R²=0.242	Durbin-Watson=1.515

Table 4.

Multiple linear regression analysis of change of tooth color and drinking intake after office bleaching

Office bleaching
Period	Independent variable	Unstandardized coefficient		standardized coefficient	t	VIF	P-value
		B	SE	
		1 month	Juice	0.050				0.537	0.042	0.094	2.186	0.927
	Soda	0.025	0.274	0.030	0.092	1.162	0.929
	Coffee	0.012	0.545	0.010	0.022	2.410	0.983
		F=0.010	R²=0.003	Durbin-Watson=2.144
3 months	Juice	0.323	0.458	0.265	0.706	1.815	0.495
	Soda	0.072	0.353	0.077	0.203	1.859	0.843
	Coffee	―0.349	0.393	―0.252	―0.888	1.036	0.394
		F=0.625	R²=0.146	Durbin-Watson=2.712
6 months	Juice	0.884	0.694	0.350	1.273	1.059	0.229
	Soda	0.184	0.280	0.185	0.658	1.109	0.524
	Coffee	0.118	0.299	0.113	0.394	0.162	0.701
		F=0.999	R²=0.214	Durbin-Watson=1.739
12 months	Juice	0.249	0.674	0.124	0.370	1.593	0.719
	Soda	0.172	0.353	0.189	0.489	2.110	0.635
	Coffee	0.223	0.283	0.257	0.787	1.506	0.448
		F=1.055	R²=0.224	Durbin-Watson=2.562

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