Do-Young Park; Byoung-Jin Lee; Byung-Ock Kim; Sang-Joun Yu

doi:10.11149/jkaoh.2015.39.2.145

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Park, Lee, Kim, and Yu: Effect of the education interval and method on improving Patients’ plaque control ability

Original Article

J Korean Acad Oral Health 2015;39(2):145-151.

Published online: 12 June 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11149/jkaoh.2015.39.2.145

Effect of the education interval and method on improving Patients’ plaque control ability

Do-Young Park¹, Byoung-Jin Lee², Byung-Ock Kim¹, Sang-Joun Yu¹

¹Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea

²Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea

Corresponding Author: Sang-Joun Yu Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, 309 pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, Korea Tel: +82-62-220-3850 Fax: +82-62-224-4664 E-mail: sjyu78@chosun.ac.kr

Received 13 May 2015 Revised 11 June 2015 Accepted 22 June 2015

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral health education interval and toothbrushing instruction, the difference between the demonstration-only method and the demonstration with chairside practice toothbrushing instruction method, and the effect of initial patient plaque control ability on the plaque index.

Methods

Patients (n=60) were randomly assigned to receive a 1-week, 2-week, or 3-week interval of oral health education and toothbrushing instruction. Each group was further subdivided into the demonstration-only group and the demonstration with chairside practice group. Patients were categorized as having “good”, “fair”, or “poor” initial plaque control ability, based on the Turesky modification of the Quigley-Hein plaque index (TQHI). Patients attended five sessions during which they received oral health education and toothbrushing instruction of the modified Bass technique. Plaque evaluation was performed at each visit using the TQHI.

Results

The plaque index tended to improve from the first visit to the fifth visit, but there were no significant differences between the 1-week, 2-week, and 3-week education interval. The demonstration with the chairside practice group showed significantly greater improvements in the plaque index, compared to the demonstration-only group. In the good, fair, and poor plaque control ability groups, the plaque index improved gradually from the first to the fifth visit. When plaque control was poor, the improvement in the plaque index increased to a greater degree after oral health education and toothbrushing instruction.

Conclusions

The results of this study may be helpful for suggesting appropriate individualized oral hygiene management methods to improve plaque control ability.

Keywords: Dental plaque, Dental plaque index, Oral health education, Toothbrushing instruction

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Fig. 1.

Mean plaque index of 1-week, 2-week, and 3-week education interval groups at the first, second, third, fourth and fifth visits. ^§Indicates a statistically significant difference between the 1-week interval and the 2-week interval or 3-week interval, as measured by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (P<0.05). *Indicates a statistically significant difference between the 1-week or 2-week interval and the 3-week interval, as measured by one-way ANOVA (P<0.05). TQHI, Turesky modification of the Quigley-Hein Plaque Index.

Fig. 2.

The change in the mean plaque index at the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth visits in the demonstration-only group (n=30) and the demonstration with chairside practice group (n=30). *Indicates a statistically significant difference between groups, as measured by the t test (P<0.05). TQHI, Turesky modification of the Quigley-Hein Plaque Index.

Table 1.

Sex ratio, mean age, and initial plaque control ability of the 1-week, 2-week, and 3-week education interval groups

Education interval	Sex		Mean Age (y)	Initial Plaque Control Ability			Total
Education interval	M	F	Mean Age (y)	Good	Fair	Poor	Total
1 week	6	14	49.4	0	16	4	20
2 week	7	13	50	1	16	3	20
3 week	5	15	51.4	2	15	3	20
Total	18	42	50.2	3	47	10	60

All data are presented as the number, unless otherwise denoted. F, female; M, male.

Table 2.

The number of patients in the subgroups divided by education interval and education method

Education interval	Education Method		Total
Education interval	Demonstration	Demonstration with Chairside Practice	Total
1 week	10	10	20
2 week	10	10	20
3 week	10	10	20
Total	30	30	60

Table 3.

Changes in the mean plaque index at the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth visits during the 1-week, 2-week, and 3-week education interval

Mean Plaque Index		Visit
Mean Plaque Index		1^st	2^nd	3^rd	4^th	5^th
Education interval	1-week (n=20)	2.72 (0.89)	2.30 (0.73)*	1.32 (0.32)*	1.25 (0.36)*	1.13 (0.26)*
	2-week (n=20)	2.55 (0.58)	1.95 (0.36)*	1.85 (0.29)*	1.13 (0.23)*	1.16 (0.30)*
	3-week (n=20)	2.67 (0.56)	2.04 (0.49)*	1.65 (0.38)*	1.89 (0.45)*	1.57 (0.40)*

The plaque index is presented as the mean (standard deviation). *Indicates a statistically significant difference between the first visit and the second, third, fourth, and fifth visits, as measured by the paired t test (P<0.05).

Table 4.

Changes in mean plaque index at the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth visits, according to initial plaque control ability

		Visit					Changes in the Mean Plaque Index (1^st-5^th visit)
		1^st	2^nd	3^rd	4^th	5^th	Changes in the Mean Plaque Index (1^st-5^th visit)
Plaque control ability	Good (n=3)	1.40 (0.26)	1.37 (0.33)	1.07 (0.54)*	0.87 (0.28)*	0.85 (0.28)*	0.55
	Fair (n=47)	2.53 (0.48)	2.07 (0.47)^§	1.62 (0.42)^§	1.41 (0.49)^§	1.29 (0.39)^§	1.24
	Poor (n=10)	3.62 (0.24)	2.45 (0.72)*	1.72 (0.29)*	1.66 (0.42)*	1.39 (0.25)*	2.23

The data are presented as the mean (standard deviation). *Indicates a statistically significant difference between the first visit and the second, third, fourth, and fifth visits, as measured by the Wilcoxon signed rank test (P<0.05).

^§ Indicates a statistically significant difference between the first visit and the second, third, fourth, and fifth visits, as measured by the paired t test (P<0.05).

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