Association of oral health status and related factors with oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) among patients in a dental hospital in Gwangju, Korea

Seong-Kug Jeong; Seung-Hee Kim; Dong-Kie Kim; Byoung-Jin Lee

doi:10.11149/jkaoh.2014.38.4.238

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Jeong, Kim, Kim, and Lee: Association of oral health status and related factors with oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) among patients in a dental hospital in Gwangju, Korea

Original Article

J Korean Acad Oral Health 2014;38(4):238-245.

Published online: 12 December 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11149/jkaoh.2014.38.4.238

Association of oral health status and related factors with oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) among patients in a dental hospital in Gwangju, Korea

Seong-Kug Jeong¹, Seung-Hee Kim², Dong-Kie Kim¹, Byoung-Jin Lee¹

¹Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Chosun University School of Dentistry, Gwangju, Korea

²Department of Dental Hygiene, Gwangju Health University, Gwangju, Korea

Corresponding Author: Byoung-Jin Lee Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Chosun University School of Dentistry, 303 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, Korea Tel: +82-62-220-3836 Fax: +82-62-226-3604 E-mail: prevdent@chosun.ac.kr

Received 6 October 2014 Revised 17 November 2014 Accepted 9 December 2014

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine the association between oral health status and oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) among patients undergoing treatment in a dental hospital, in order to develop an oral health care method for improving oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL).

Methods

A total of 980 patients aged 7-89 years were selected from a dental hospital between May 2011 and March 2014. Questionnaires on oral health impact profile (OHIP-14K) were distributed to the patients, and their dental records were examined to find out their oral health status.

Results

OHIP-14 scores of patients with periodontal pockets over 4 mm and presence of chronic general disease were significantly higher than those without pockets and chronic disease (P<0.05). Factors such as age, gender, having prosthesis or dental implant, regular oral health care over a period of 1 year were not significantly associated with OHIP-14 scores.

Conclusions

Periodontal health status and chronic general disease could be factors associated with OHRQoL. Thus, improving oral symptoms through professional oral care may help improve OHRQoL.

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Keywords: Oral health care, Oral health impact profile, Periodontal diseases, Quality of life

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Table 1.

General characteristics of subjects

Variables	Total	Male	Female
Variables	N (%)
Total	980 (100.0)	399 (40.7)	581(59.3)
Age
Under 17	59 (6.0)	23 (5.8)	36 (6.2)
18-24	42 (4.3)	16 (4.0)	26 (4.5)
25-34	84 (8.6)	31 (7.8)	53 (9.1)
35-44	124 (12.7)	53 (13.3)	71 (12.2)
45-54	267 (27.2)	116 (29.1)	151 (26.0)
55-64	304 (31.0)	117 (29.3)	187 (32.2)
Over 65	100 (10.2)	43 (10.8)	57 (9.8)
Regular oral health care
Yes (over 1 year)	508 (51.8)	220 (55.1)	288 (49.6)
No (initial care, under 1 year)	472 (48.2)	179 (44.9)	293 (50.4)
Have removable prosthesis
Yes	23 (2.3)	14 (3.5)	9 (1.5)
No	957 (97.7)	385 (96.5)	572 (98.5)
Have fixed prosthesis
Yes	263 (26.8)	112 (28.1)	151 (26.0)
No	717 (73.2)	287 (71.9)	430 (74.0)
Have implant prosthesis
Yes	204 (20.8)	97 (24.3)	107 (18.4)
No	776 (79.2)	302 (75.7)	474 (81.6)
Have periodontal pocket over 4 mm
Yes	452 (46.1)	189 (47.4)	263 (45.3)
No	528 (53.9)	210 (52.6)	318 (54.7)
Have chronic disease
Yes	306 (31.2)	110 (27.6)	196 (33.7)
No	674 (68.8)	289 (72.4)	385 (66.3)

Table 2.

Mean score of oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) according to general characteristics

			Subdomain scores
Variables	N	OHIP-14 Score (0-56)	Functional limitation (0-8)	Physical pain (0-8)	Psychological discomfort (0-8)	Physical disability (0-8)	Psychological disability (0-8)	Social disability (0-8)	Handicap (0-8)
			Mean±SD
Total	980	10.71±8.45	1.41±1.61	2.03±1.96	1.90±1.81	1.28±1.59	1.24±1.44	1.41±1.44	1.45±1.51
Gender
Male	399	10.52±8.25	1.38±1.56	1.94±1.94	1.85±1.70	1.24±1.56	1.19±1.35	1.44±1.32	1.47±1.43
Female	581	10.83±8.59	1.43±1.64	2.09±1.92	1.92±1.88	1.30±1.61	1.27±1.49	1.38±1.51	1.44±1.57
P-value*		0.565	0.614	0.239	0.554	0.597	0.388	0.499	0.776
Age
Under 17	59	7.44±8.25^†	1.10±1.28	1.39±1.93	1.39±1.71	0.80±1.35	0.93±1.50	0.95±1.35^†	0.88±1.33^†
18-24	42	8.86±7.10	1.43±1.43	1.76±1.65	1.95±1.68	1.00±1.45	0.88±1.15	1.02±1.26	0.81±1.27
25-34	84	11.17±8.68	1.65±1.63	1.94±1.79	2.19±1.89	1.27±1.52	1.36±1.60	1.43±1.42	1.32±1.52
35-44	124	10.52±7.57	1.13±1.45	2.09±1.88	2.08±1.74	1.31±1.44	1.35±1.45	1.31±1.40	1.25±1.39
45-54	267	12.60±8.73^†	1.69±1.66	2.36±2.00	2.07±1.80	1.51±1.64	1.48±1.48	1.79±1.55^†	1.69±1.58^†
55-64	304	9.78±8.37	1.26±1.63	1.81±1.90	1.68±1.79	1.14±1.61	1.08±1.33	1.29±1.37	1.52±1.53
Over 65	100	11.03±8.43	1.40±1.68	2.31±2.21	1.89±1.93	1.41±1.75	1.18±1.45	1.26±1.32	1.58±1.49
P-value**		<0.001	0.004	0.002	0.021	0.017	0.006	<0.001	<0.001

*P-values are determined from t-test. **P-values are determined from one-way ANOVA.

^† Significantly different between groups determined by Scheffe’s test post-hoc analysis (P<0.05).

Table 3.

Mean score of oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) according to having prosthesis and implant

			Subdomain scores
Variables	N	OHIP-14 Score (0-56)	Functional limitation (0-8)	Physical pain (0-8)	Psychological discomfort (0-8)	Physical disability (0-8)	Psychological disability (0-8)	Social disability (0-8)	Handicap (0-8)
			Mean±SD
Have removable prosthesis
Yes	23	12.48±11.03	1.48±1.86	2.35±2.64	2.61±2.54	1.65±2.25	1.43±1.70	1.00±1.17	1.96±1.82
No	957	10.66±8.38	1.41±1.60	2.02±1.94	1.88±1.79	1.27±1.57	1.24±1.43	1.42±1.44	1.44±1.51
P-value*		0.309	0.830	0.429	0.056	0.251	0.512	0.170	0.106
Have fixed prosthesis
Yes	263	11.05±8.35	1.44±1.68	2.08±1.98	2.05±1.85	1.41±1.64	1.26±1.42	1.32±1.39	1.48±1.58
No	717	10.58±8.49	1.39±1.58	2.01±1.95	1.84±1.79	1.23±1.57	1.23±1.44	1.44±1.45	1.44±1.49
P-value*		0.446	0.656	0.619	0.099	0.107	0.776	0.253	0.771
Have implant prosthesis
Yes	204	10.35±8.11	1.29±1.51	1.90±1.88	1.73±1.78	1.25±1.57	1.17±1.27	1.45±1.40	1.56±1.57
No	776	10.80±8.54	1.44±1.63	2.06±1.98	1.94±1.82	1.28±1.60	1.26±1.48	1.39±1.45	1.42±1.50
P-value*		0.502	0.239	0.299	0.130	0.835	0.439	0.616	0.258

*P-values are determined from t-test.

Table 4.

Mean score of oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) according to periodontal health

			Subdomain scores
Variables	N	OHIP-14 Score (0-56)	Functional limitation (0-8)	Physical pain (0-8)	Psychological discomfort (0-8)	Physical disability (0-8)	Psychological disability (0-8)	Social disability (0-8)	Handicap (0-8)
			Mean±SD
Have periodontal pocket over 4 mm
Yes	452	11.82±8.42	1.47±1.63	2.14±1.91	2.21±1.82	1.44±1.57	1.44±1.51	1.55±1.55	1.58±1.55
No	528	9.75±8.36	1.35±1.58	1.93±1.99	1.63±1.76	1.14±1.60	1.07±1.35	1.28±1.32	1.34±1.47
P-value*		<0.001	0.264	0.088	<0.001	0.003	<0.001	0.003	0.015

*P-values are determined from t-test.

Table 5.

Mean score of oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) according to regular oral health care and having chronic disease

			Subdomain scores
Variables	N	OHIP-14 Score (0-56)	Functional limitation (0-8)	Physical pain (0-8)	Psychological discomfort (0-8)	Physical disability (0-8)	Psychological disability (0-8)	Social disability (0-8)	Handicap (0-8)
			Mean±SD
Regular oral health care
Yes	508	10.30±8.43	1.41±1.59	2.08±2.08	1.55±1.65	1.19±1.56	1.16±1.71	1.42±1.28	1.49±1.45
No	472	11.14±8.46	1.40±1.62	1.97±1.81	2.26±1.89	1.37±1.62	1.33±1.56	1.39±1.59	1.41±1.59
P-value*		0.121	0.900	0.369	<0.001	0.084	0.054	0.800	0.414
Have chronic disease
Yes	306	11.66±8.86	1.50±1.75	2.18±1.94	2.10±1.95	1.41±1.72	1.38±1.54	1.45±1.55	1.63±1.66
No	674	10.27±8.23	1.36±1.54	1.96±1.96	1.80±1.73	1.21±1.53	1.18±1.38	1.39±1.39	1.37±.144
P-value*		0.018	0.223	0.103	0.108	0.071	0.038	0.510	0.011

*P-values are determined from t-test.

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