The Comparison between Particle Agglutination Assay and Enzyme Immunoassay in the Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-Specific Antibody

Hae Won Jung; La-He Jearn; Think-You Kim

doi:10.3343/lmo.2012.2.1.7

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Jung, Jearn, and Kim: The Comparison between Particle Agglutination Assay and Enzyme Immunoassay in the Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-Specific Antibody

Original Article

Diagnostic Immunology

Laboratory Medicine Online

Laboratory Medicine Online 2012; 2(1): 41-46.

Published online: 1 January 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3343/lmo.2012.2.1.7

The Comparison between Particle Agglutination Assay and Enzyme Immunoassay in the Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-Specific Antibody

Hae Won Jung, M.D., La-He Jearn, M.D., Think-You Kim, M.D.

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author: La-He Jearn, M.D. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-792, Korea. Tel: +82-2-2290-8978, Fax: +82-2-2298-1735, lhchun@hanyang.ac.kr

Received 22 August 2011 Revised 30 September 2011 Accepted 30 September 2011

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Background

The two common serological test methods used for initial diagnosis of acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia are particle agglutination assay (PA) and enzyme immunoassay (EIA). We compared the differences between the two methods and suggest a test method more suitable for clinical laboratories.

Methods

A total of 35 patients (18 adult and 17 pediatric) performed MP specific antibody test using PA (Serodia-Myco II, Fujirebio, Japan) and EIA (Ani Labsystems, Finland) methods. IgM and IgG antibodies were measured separately by EIA method. PA and both IgM and IgG EIA were tested in 26 patients and PA and IgG-EIA were tested in 9 patients.

Results

The concordance rates between PA and EIA were 57.7% for IgM and 65.7% for IgG antibodies. Positive PA results showed better agreement with IgG (77.8%) than IgM (38.9%), while negative PA results showed better agreement with IgM (100%) than IgG EIA results (25%). In adult patients, the correlation between PA titers and IgM (r=0.852, P <0.01) and IgG values (r=0.517, P <0.05) were statistically significant. In pediatric patients, the correlation between PA titers and IgG values (r=0.842, P <0.01) was statistically significant.

Conclusions

In this study, we observed that PA and EIA may not be used alternatively. Therefore, we suggest that use of both PA and IgM-EIA will be the optimal choice for laboratories. However, when laboratories are required to select one from PA or EIA, PA may be more useful to diagnose MP infection.

Keywords: Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Particle agglutination, Enzyme immunoassay

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Correlation between PA titer and EIA measured value in the detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae specific antibodies. (A) between PA titer and IgM-EIA (P<0.01). (B) between PA titer and IgG-EIA (P=0.07). (C) between PA titer and IgM-EIA in adults (P<0.01). (D) between PA titer and IgG-EIA in adults (P<0.05). (E) between PA titer and IgM-EIA in children (P=0.059). (F) between PA titer and IgG-EIA in children (P<0.01).

Abbreviations: PA, particle agglutination assay; EIA, enzyme immunoassay.

Table 1

Comparison between PA and EIA methods in the detection of MP specific antibodies

^*Measurement of agreement (k) between PA and IgM was 0.281 (P=0.039). ^†Measurement of agreement (k) between PA and IgG was 0.028 (P=0.869). ^‡Agreement of positive and negative PA results with EIA results.

Abbreviations: PA, particle agglutination assay; EIA, enzyme immunoassay; MP, Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

Table 2

Comparison between PA and IgM-EIA methods in the detection of MP specific antibodies stratified for PA antibody titers

^*Agreement of positive and negative PA results with EIA results.

Abbreviations: PA, particle agglutinA MP, Mycoplasma pneumoniae; NT, not tested; NC, not available.

Table 3

Discordant results between PA and IgG or IgM EIA in the detection of MP specific antibodies

^*Values above 1.1 EIU/mL for IgM-EIA and above 45 EIU/mL for IgG-EIA are interpreted as positive.

Abbreviations: PA, particle agglutination assay; EIA, enzyme immunoassay; MP, Mycoplasma pneumoniae; NT, not tested.

Notes

This article is available from http://www.labmedonline.org

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