Women, Stress and Heart Health: Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Cardiovascular Disease

Kyoung-Im Cho

doi:10.7180/kmj.2016.31.2.103

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Cho: Women, Stress and Heart Health: Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Cardiovascular Disease

Review Article

Kosin Medical Journal 2016;31(2):103-112.

Published online: 20 January 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.2016.31.2.103

Women, Stress and Heart Health: Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Cardiovascular Disease

Kyoung-Im Cho

Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, Korea

Corresponding Author: Kyoung Im Cho, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, College of Medicine, Kosin University 262, Gamcheon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49267, Korea Tel: +82-51-990-6105, Fax: +82-51-990-3005, E-mail: kyoungim74@gmail.com

Received 12 January 201612 January 2016 Accepted 16 January 2016

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Psychological stress including depression and anxiety are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality, especially in women. Emotional regulation plays a mediating role in the development of depression and physical illness, and can alter resting physiologic responses associated with the stress response. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is a structured group program that employs mindfulness meditation to alleviate suffering associated with physical, psychosomatic, and psychiatric disorders. MBSR was originally developed for the management of chronic pain, which is now used widely to reduce psychological morbidity associated with chronic illnesses and to treat emotional and behavioral disorders. In cardiovascular disease, MBSR may be helpful for controlling several risk factors for coronary heart disease such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, oxidative and psychosocial stress, obesity, and smoking, and improvements in submaximal exercise responses and heart rate variability. Although the most effective mode of stress reduction therapy is yet to be established, increasing recognition is being given to MBSR therapy.

Keywords: cardiovascular disease, Mindfulness based stress reduction therapy, relaxation, Stress, Women

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