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Kim: Gender Differences in Risk Factor and Clinical Outcome in Patients with Ischemic Stroke
Original Article

Kosin Medical Journal 2014;29(2):141-146.

Published online: 18 December 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.2014.29.2.141

Gender Differences in Risk Factor and Clinical Outcome in Patients with Ischemic Stroke

Kwang Soo Kim

1Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, Korea

Corresponding Author : Kwang Soo Kim, Department of Neurology, Kosin University College of Medicine, 262, Gamcheon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-703, Korea TEL: +82-990-6274 FAX: +82-990-3077 E-mail: nekim@ns.kosinmed.or.kr

Received 12 March 201320 June 2013       Accepted 23 July 2013

Copyright © 2014 Kosin University School of Medicine Proceedings

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objective:

Gender is an important determinant for risk factors and outcomes of ischemic stroke. The aim of this study was to compare risk factors, and clinical outcomes after ischemic stroke between male and female patients.

Methods:

The hospital records of patients with ischemic stroke were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic data, stroke risk factors, clinical severities and outcomes after stroke were collected and compared between male and female patients. Stroke severity and clinical disability after ischemic stroke were evaluated by means of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) respectively.

Results:

Among 447 patients with ischemic stroke, 195 (43.6%) patients were women. The mean age at ischemic stroke was higher in women than in men (p<0.01). As compared to men, women had a significantly lower prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia, smoking and drinking (all p<0.01). NIHSS and mRS scores were not different between the 2 genders.

Conclusions:

Profiles of risk factors differed between the 2 genders, with men having a higher prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia, smoking and drinking. There were no gender differences in stroke severity and disability after ischemic stroke.

Keywords: Gender, Ischemic stroke, Outcome, Stroke risk factor

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Table 1.
Comparison of stroke risk factors between female and male patients with ischemic stroke
Risk factor Female (n=195) Male (n=252) P value
Age (years) 69.5±12.3 64.7±11.0 0.000
Hypertension 163 (83.6) 199 (79.0) 0.217
Hyper lipidemia 98 (50.3) 104 (41.3) 0.058
Diabetes mellitus 70 (35.9) 92 (36.5) 0.894
Atrial iibrillalion 41 (21.0) 51 (20.2) 0.838
Hypcrlioinocysiciiicmia 40 (20.5) 84 (333) 0.003
Ischcmic hcarL disease 37(19.0) 35 (13.9) 0.147
Smoking 12 (6.2) 79 (31.3) 0.000
Drinking 10(5.1) 8.1 (32.1) 0.000
Family history 3(1.5) 6 (2.4) 0.737

Numbers arc mcan±SD or number of patients (%).

Table 2.
Comparison of NIHSS and mRS scores between female and male patients with ischemic stroke
  Female (n=195) Male (n=252) P value
NIHSS 4.31±3.41 4.25±2.89 0.855
mRS 2.28±1.54 2.4U1.35 0.340

Numbers arc mean±SD.

NIHSS: National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, mRS: modified Rankin Scale

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