PDF
ePub
Citation
Print
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) remains a major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, despite improvements in tocolytic treatment and neonatal care. Progesterone (17a-hydroxyprogesterone) produced naturally or synthetically can prevent PTB when applied vaginally and orally. Progesterone use may be a safe and cost-effective option in cases of singleton pregnancy with prior PTB, asymptomatically short cervix and arrested preterm labor.
REFERENCES
1.WHO: recommended definitions, terminology and format for statistical tables related to the perinatal period and use of a new certificate for cause of perinatal deaths. Modifications recommended by FIGO as amended October 14, 1976. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1977. 56:247–53.
2.Goldenberg RL. The management of preterm labor. Obstet Gynecol. 2002. 100:1020–37.
3.Spong CY. Prediction and prevention of recurrent spontaneous preterm birth. Obstet Gynecol. 2007. 110:405–15.
4.Hall NR. What agent should be used to prevent recurrent preterm birth: 17-P or natural progesterone? Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2011. 38:235–46.
5.Lucovnik M., Kuon RJ., Chambliss LR., Maner WL., Shi SQ., Shi L, et al. Progestin treatment for the prevention of preterm birth. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2011. 90:1057–69.
6.Watari M., Watari H., DiSanto ME., Chacko S., Shi GP., Strauss JF 3rd. Pro-inflammatory cytokines induce expression of matrix-metabolizing enzymes in human cervical smooth muscle cells. Am J Pathol. 1999. 154:1755–62.
7.Campbell S. Universal cervical-length screening and vaginal progesterone prevents early preterm births, reduces neonatal morbidity and is cost saving: doing nothing is no longer an option. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011. 38:1–9.
8.Johnson JW., Austin KL., Jones GS., Davis GH., King TM. Efficacy of 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in the prevention of premature labor. N Engl J Med. 1975. 293:675–80.
9.Meis PJ., Klebanoff M., Thom E., Dombrowski MP., Sibai B., Moawad AH, et al. Prevention of recurrent preterm delivery by 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate. N Engl J Med. 2003. 348:2379–85.
10.Petrini JR., Callaghan WM., Klebanoff M., Green NS., Lackritz EM., Howse JL, et al. Estimated effect of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate on preterm birth in the United States. Obstet Gynecol. 2005. 105:267–72.
11.Odibo AO., Stamilio DM., Macones GA., Polsky D. 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate for the prevention of preterm delivery: A cost-effectiveness analysis. Obstet Gynecol. 2006. 108:492–9.
12.Saghafi N., Khadem N., Mohajeri T., Shakeri MT. Efficacy of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in prevention of preterm delivery. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2011. 37:1342–5.
13.Cicinelli E., de Ziegler D., Bulletti C., Matteo MG., Schonauer LM., Galantino P. Direct transport of progesterone from vagina to uterus. Obstet Gynecol. 2000. 95:403–6.
14.da Fonseca EB., Bittar RE., Carvalho MH., Zugaib M. Prophylactic administration of progesterone by vaginal suppository to reduce the incidence of spontaneous preterm birth in women at increased risk: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003. 188:419–24.
15.O'Brien JM., Adair CD., Lewis DF., Hall DR., Defranco EA., Fusey S, et al. Progesterone vaginal gel for the reduction of recurrent preterm birth: primary results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2007. 30:687–96.
16.Rai P., Rajaram S., Goel N., Ayalur Gopalakrishnan R., Agarwal R., Mehta S. Oral micronized progesterone for prevention of preterm birth. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2009. 104:40–3.
17.Fonseca EB., Celik E., Parra M., Singh M., Nicolaides KH. Progesterone and the risk of preterm birth among women with a short cervix. N Engl J Med. 2007. 357:462–9.
18.Hassan SS., Romero R., Vidyadhari D., Fusey S., Baxter JK., Khandelwal M, et al. Vaginal progesterone reduces the rate of preterm birth in women with a sonographic short cervix: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011. 38:18–31.
19.Facchinetti F., Paganelli S., Comitini G., Dante G., Volpe A. Cervical length changes during preterm cervical ripening: effects of 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007. 196:453. .e1-4; discussion 21.
20.Borna S., Sahabi N. Progesterone for maintenance tocolytic therapy after threatened preterm labour: a randomised controlled trial. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2008. 48:58–63.
21.Bomba-Opon DA., Kosinska-Kaczynska K., Kosinski P., Wegrzyn P., Kaczynski B., Wielgos M. Vaginal progesterone after tocolytic therapy in threatened preterm labor. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2011 Oct 4.
22.Rouse DJ., Caritis SN., Peaceman AM., Sciscione A., Thom EA., Spong CY, et al. A trial of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate to prevent prematurity in twins. N Engl J Med. 2007. 357:454–61.
23.Caritis SN., Rouse DJ., Peaceman AM., Sciscione A., Momirova V., Spong CY, et al. Prevention of preterm birth in triplets using 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2009. 113:285–92.
24.Briery CM., Veillon EW., Klauser CK., Martin RW., Magann EF., Chauhan SP, et al. Women with preterm premature rupture of the membranes do not benefit from weekly progesterone. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2011. 204:54. .e1-5.
25.Rafael TJ., Mackeen AD., Berghella V. The effect of 17α -hydroxyprogesterone caproate on preterm birth in women with an ultrasound-indicated cerclage. Am J Perinatol. 2011. 28:389–94.
26.Varma TR., Morsman J. Evaluation of the use of Proluton-Depot (hydroxyprogesterone hexanoate) in early pregnancy. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1982. 20:13–7.
27.Kester PA. Effects of prenatally administered 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate on adolescent males. Arch Sex Behav. 1984. 13:441–55.
28.Northen AT., Norman GS., Anderson K., Moseley L., Divito M., Cotroneo M, et al. Follow-up of children exposed in utero to 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate compared with placebo. Obstet Gynecol. 2007. 110:865–72.
XML Download