Evaluation of the influence of apical sizes on the apical sealing ability of the modified continuous wave technique

Muhyun Ryu; Ilyoung Jung; Seungjong Lee; Sujung Shin; Euiseong Kim

doi:10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.1.066

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Ryu, Jung, Lee, Shin, and Kim: Evaluation of the influence of apical sizes on the apical sealing ability of the modified continuous wave technique

Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry

Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2008; 33(1): 66-75.

Published online: 31 January 2008

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.1.066

Evaluation of the influence of apical sizes on the apical sealing ability of the modified continuous wave technique

Muhyun Ryu, Ilyoung Jung, Seungjong Lee, Sujung Shin, Euiseong Kim

Department of Dentistry, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Korea.

Corresponding Author: Euiseong Kim. Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-Dong, Seodamun-Ku, Seoul, 120-752, Korea. Tel: 82-2-2228-8701, Fax: 82-2-313-7575, andyendo@yuhs.ac

Received 22 October 2007 Revised 11 December 2007 Accepted 17 January 2008

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

This study examined the influence of the apical sizes on the sealing ability of a root canal filling.

Thirty-six single rooted teeth with a single canal were divided into 3 groups (n = 12) and instrumented with either the Profile® or LightSpeed® system to achieve three different apical sizes (master apical file [MAF] of #25, #40, or #60). The teeth were filled with gutta percha using a modified continuous wave technique. The level of microleakage was determined by immersing ten teeth from each group into India ink for 1 week followed by clearing with nitric acid, ethyl-alcohol, and methylsalicylate. The microleakage was measured using vernier calipers. The data was analyzed statistically using Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA and a Student-Newman-Keuls Method. Two teeth from each group were sectioned horizontally at 1, 2, 3 and 4 mm from the apex in order to observe a cross section.

The apical size was significantly (p < .05) influenced the level of microleakage. In the Student-Newman-Deuls Method, MAF sizes of #25 and #40; and MAF sizes of #25 and #60, respectively showed a statistically significant difference. There was no significant difference between #40 and #60. In most cross sections, oval-shaped canals were observed, and the irregularity of the internal surface increased with decreasing apical size. There was also an increase in the area of recess, which is the area where the canal space is not filled with either gutta-percha or sealer.

When the root canals are filled using a modified continuous wave technique, canal filling with more consistent and predictable outcome may be expected as the apical preparation size is increased.

Keywords: Apical enlargement, apical leakage, apical size, sealing ability

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Positive control (left), Negative control (right).

Figure 2

Comparison of dye leakage (× 20).

Figure 3

Stereomicroscopic view of cross-section at 1, 2, 3, 4 mm from the apex (× 83).

Table 1

Minimum, maximum, mean and standard deviation (S.D) value of apical microleakage (mm)

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