Polymerization shrinkage, hygroscopic expansion and microleakage of resin-based temporary filling materials

Nak Yeon Cho; In-Bog Lee

doi:10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.2.115

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Cho and Lee: Polymerization shrinkage, hygroscopic expansion and microleakage of resin-based temporary filling materials

Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry

Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2008; 33(2): 115-124.

Published online: 31 March 2008

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.2.115

Polymerization shrinkage, hygroscopic expansion and microleakage of resin-based temporary filling materials

Nak Yeon Cho, In-Bog Lee

Department of Consevative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Korea.

Corresponding Author: In-Bog Lee. Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 275-1 Yeongeon-Dong, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-768, Korea. Tel: 82-2-2072-3953, Fax: 82-2-2072-3859, inboglee@snu.ac.kr

Received 28 January 2008 Revised 5 March 2008 Accepted 6 March 2008

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to measure the polymerization shrinkage and hygroscopic expansion of resin-based temporary filling materials and to evaluate microleakage at the interface between the materials and cavity wall.

Five resin-based temporary filing materials were investigated: Fermit (Vivadent), Quicks (Dentkist), Provifil (Promedica), Spacer (Vericom), Clip (Voco). Caviton (GC) was also included for comparison. Polymerization shrinkage of five resin-based temporary filling materials was measured using the bonded disc method. For the measurement of hygroscopic expansion, the discs of six cured temporary filling materials were immersed in saline and a LVDT displacement sensor was used to measure the expansion for 7 days. For estimating of microleakage, Class I cavities were prepared on 120 extracted human molars and randomly assigned to 6 groups of 20 each. The cavities in each group were filled with six temporary filling materials. All specimens were submitted to 1000 thermo-cycles, with temperature varying from 5℃/55℃. Microleakage was determined using a dye penetration test.

The results were as follows:

Fermit had significantly less polymerization shrinkage than the other resin-based temporary filling materials. Fermit (0.22 %) < Spacer (0.38 %) < Quicks (0.64 %), Provifil (0.67 %), Clip (0.67 %)
Resin-based temporary filling materials showed 0.43 - 1.1 % expansion in 7 days.
Fermit showed the greatest leakage, while Quicks exhibited the least leakage.
There are no correlation between polymerization shrinkage or hygroscopic expansion and microleakage of resin-based temporary filling materials.

Keywords: Resin-based temporary filling material, Polymerization shrinkage, Hygroscopic expansion, Microleakage

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Structure of an instrument to measure axial polymerization shrinkage.

Figure 2

Representative curves of axial polymerization shrinkage of temporary filling materials as a function of time.

Figure 3-a

Hygroscopic expansion of Caviton as a function of time.

Figure 3-b

Initial hygroscopic expansion of temporary resin materials as a function of time.

Figure 4

The representative pictures for different microleakage patterns.

(a) Score 0: no leakage

(b) Score 1: leakage up to half of the cavity depth

(d) Score 3: leakage in the entire cavity depth even reaching the pulpal wall

Figure 5

Boxplot display of mean and median leakage score for each group.

The plot illustrates a summary of the microleakage scores based on the median, quartiles, and extreme values. The box represents the interquartile range which contains the 50% of values, the whiskers represent the highest and lowest microleakage values and the bold black line across the box indicates the median microleakage scores. The mark ◇ represents the mean microleakge scores.

Table 1

Materials used in this study

Table 2

Calculated linear polymerization shrinkage (%) of temporary filling materials

The numbers in parenthesis are S.D.

Same superscript letters mean that there is no statistical difference.

Calculated linear shrinkage = measured axial shrinkage ×(1/3)

Table 3

Hygroscopic expansion (%) of temporary filling materials at 24 hr and 7 days

The numbers in parenthesis are S.D.

Same superscript letters mean that there is no statistical difference.

Table 4

Number of specimens in each score and mean microleakage score

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