Detection of methicillin or vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from dental hospital

Jung-Hee Min; Soon-Nang Park; Ho-Keel Hwang; Jung-Beum Min; Hwa-Sook Kim; Joong-Ki Kook

doi:10.5395/JKACD.2007.32.2.102

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Min, Park, Hwang, Min, Kim, and Kook: Detection of methicillin or vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from dental hospital

Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry

Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2007; 32(2): 102-110.

Published online: 31 March 2007

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2007.32.2.102

Detection of methicillin or vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from dental hospital

Jung-Hee Min¹, Soon-Nang Park^2,⁴, Ho-Keel Hwang^1,^3,⁴, Jung-Beum Min^1,³, Hwa-Sook Kim⁵, Joong-Ki Kook^2,^3,⁴

¹Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Korea.

²Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Korea.

³Oral Biology Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Korea.

⁴The Second Stage of BK21 High-tech Dental Care & Human Resource Training Center, Chosun University, Korea.

⁵Department of Dental Hygiene, Chunnam Techno College, Gokseong County, Jeonnam, Korea.

Corresponding Author: Joong-Ki Kook. Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, 375 Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Kwangju, 501-825, Korea. Tel: 82-62-230-6877, Fax: 82-62-224-3706, jkkook@chosun.ac.kr

Received 15 March 2006 Revised 22 June 2006 Accepted 7 July 2006

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to obtain the basic information for the improvement of dental environment by investigating the presence of methicillin- or vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA or VRSA) isolated from dental health care workers (DHCWs) and environment of the Chosun University Dental Hospital (CUDH) and a private dental clinic (control group). Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was isolated from anterior nares of 42 DHCWs and 38 sites, unit chairs, x-ray devices, computers, etc., at 10 departments of the CUDH and 20 DHCWs and 11 sites at the private dental clinic. S. aureus was isolated on mannitol salt agar plate and confirmed by PCR with S. aureus species-specific primer. Antimicrobial susceptibility test of clinical isolates of S. aureus against several antibiotics including methicillin (oxacillin) was performed by investigating minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using broth microdilution assay. In addition, PCR was performed to detect the methicillin- or vancomycin-resistant gene. The data showed that one strain of S. aureus was isolated from DHCWs of the CUDH and three strains of S. aureus was isolated from 3 samples of the private dental clinic, respectively. All of the isolates from the CUDH and the private dental clinic had resistance to penicillin G, amoxicillin and vancomycin and susceptibility to oxacillin and ciprofloxacin. The S. aureus strains were already obtained the resistance to penicillin G and amoxicillin. These results suggest that two dental clinics were under relatively safe environment.

Keywords: MRSA, VRSA, Minimum inhibitory concentration, PCR

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Isolation of S. aureus on mannitol salt agar (MSA) which is selective medium for the S. aureus. The color change of the medium to yellow means that mannitol was fermented by S. aureus (A). S. epidermidis had no ability of the fermentation of mannitol (B).

Table 1

PCR primers for the identification of S. aureus10)

Table 2

PCR primers for the detection of S. aureus-antibiotic resistance genes15)

PEN, penicillin; OXA, oxacillin; ERY, erythromycin; CLI, clindamycin; VAN, vamcomycin.

Table 3

Detection frequency of S. aureus in dental clinics

( ): Number of samples

Table 4

Minimum inhibitory concentration of antibiotics against S. aureus of clinical isolates

PEN, penicillin G; AMX, amoxicillin; OXA, oxacillin; CIP, ciprofloxacin; CXM, cefuroxime; CLI, clindamycin; VAN, vancomycin

Table 5

MIC interpretive standards for S. aureus

Table 6

Detection of S. aureus-antibiotic resistance genes from clinical isolates of S. aureus

-, not detected; +, detected

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