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Jeon, Park, Kim, Woo, Kim, Son, and Hur: Effects of occlusal load on the stress distribution of four cavity configurations of noncarious cervical lesions: A three-dimensional finite element analysis study
Original Article

J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2006;31(5):359-370.

Published online: 14 January 2006

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2006.31.5.359

Effects of occlusal load on the stress distribution of four cavity configurations of noncarious cervical lesions: A three-dimensional finite element analysis study

Sang-Je Jeon1, Jeong-Kil Park1, Hyeon-Cheol Kim1, Sung-Gwan Woo2, Kwang-Hoon Kim2, Kwon Son2, Bock Hur1, *

1Department of Conservative dentistry, College of Dentistry, Pusan National University

2Department of Mechanical design engineering, College of Engineering, Pusan National University

*Corresponding Author: Bock Hur, Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Pusan National University, 1-10, Ami-dong, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-739, Korea, Tel: 82-51-240-7455, E-mail: bhur@pusan.ac.kr

Received 4 July 2006       Revised 28 July 2006       Accepted 4 September 2006

Copyright © 2006 The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of excessive occlusal loading on stress distribution on four type of cervical lesion, using a three dimensional finite element analysis (3D FEA).
The extracted maxillary second premolar was scanned serially with Micro-CT. The 3D images were processed by 3D-DOCTOR. ANSYS was used to mesh and analyze 3D FE model. Four different lesion configurations representative of the various types observed clinically for teeth were studied. A static point load of 500N was applied to the buccal and lingual cusp (Load A and B). The principal stresses in lesion apex, and vertical sectioned margin of cervical wall were analyzed.
The results were as follows

  1. The patterns of stress distribution were similar but the magnitude was different in four types of lesion.

  2. The peak stress was observed at mesial corner and also stresses concentrated at lesion apex.

  3. The compressive stress under load A and the tensile stress under load B were dominant stress.

  4. Under the load, lesion can be increased and harmful to tooth structure unless restored.

Keywords: Cervical lesion, Finite element analysis, Occlusal load, Stress distribution, Compressive stress, Tensile stress

References

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Figure 1.
Four types of lesion configurations.
jkacd-31-359f1.tif
Figure 2.
Design of loading conditions.
jkacd-31-359f2.tif
Figure 3.
The Principal stress distribution of four cavities under Load A and B(Upper 2 rows: maximal and minimal principal stress under load A, Lower 2 rows; maximal and minimal principal stress under load B. From left line, notch-shape showed, followed by saucer, combined, U-shape lesion)
jkacd-31-359f3.tif
Figure 4.
Principal stresses of lesion apex of 4 shape lesion.
jkacd-31-359f4.tif

(M1, M2, M3, M4: nodes near mesial point angle, D1, D2, D3, D4: nodes near distal point angle. If the value of one principal stress of an element was positive, the element was determined to be in the tensile condition, if it was negative, the element was determined to be in the compressive condition).

Figure 5.
Vertical distribution of principal stresses at cavity wall in 4 shape lesion. (If the value of one principal stress of an element was positive, the element was determined to be in the tensile condition, if it was negative, the element was determined to be in the compressive condition).
jkacd-31-359f5.tif
Table 1.
Numbers of nodes and elements for each cavity
Model Notch Saucer Combined U
Node 18245 18236 18434 18709
Element 16668 16668 16780 17056
Table 2.
Mechanical properties of the tooth used in the study
Materials Mechanical properties Young's modulus (MPa) Poisson's ratio (υ)
Enamel 84000 a 0.33 a
Dentin 18000 a 0.31 a
Periodontal ligament 0.667 b 0.49 b
Cancellous bone 13700 b 0.38 b
Cortical bone 34000 b 0.26 b

a: Katona et al. 20), b: Geramy et al.21)

Table 3.
Mechanical properties of teeth (MPa)*
Compressive strength of enamel 277 – 384
Compressive strength of dentin 249 – 347
Tensile strength of enamel 10 – 24
Tensile strength of dentin 32 – 103
Tensile strength of DEJ 52

* : Litonjua et al.15)

Table 4.
Peak stresses of lesion apex of four cavities
Load A Load B
1st Peak 2nd Peak 1st Peak 2nd Peak
MPa Node MPa Node MPa Node MPa Node
Notch Max 12.4 6 10.9 20 193* 1 104.3* 5
Min -558* 1 -279* 13 40.2 6 NS NS
Saucer Max 14.6 1 8.8 16 123.0* 1 55.8* 13
Min -330.0* 1 -203.3 13 NS NS NS NS
Combined Max 10.0 M1 18.3 D3 195.5* 1 108.3* 6
Min -606.7* 1 -320.7* 7 NS NS NS NS
U Max 17.8 D3 13.9 M1 147.9* 1 71.1* 7
Min -500.9* 1 -268.7* 13 NS NS NS NS

* : Excessive stresses over the failure range.

NS: Not significant

Table 5.
Peak stresses values of inner cavity wall vertically
Load A Load B
1st Peak 2nd Peak 1st Peak 2nd Peak
MPa Node MPa Node MPa Node MPa Node
Notch Max 33.7* 4 25.5 17 104.3* 13 NS NS
Min -280.4* 13 -58.8 18 40.2 13 NS NS
Saucer Max 30.8 3 15.2 17 61.9* 13 53.0* 16
Min -157.1 10 -98.1 16 7.8 9 4.4 13
Combined Max 36.8 17 14.7 6 108.3* 9 42.0* 19
Min -317.7* 1 -44.2 19 41.1 9 NS NS
U Max 36.01 19 11.3 6 100.7* 15 76.6* 9
Min -240.5 10 -207.3 15 22.7 9 2.7 15

* : Excessive stresses over the failure range.

NS: Not significant

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