Effect of additional coating of bonding resin on the microtensile bond strength of self-etching adhesives to dentin

Moon-Kyung Jung; Byeong-Hoon Cho; Ho-Hyun Son; Chung-Moon Um; Young-Chul Han; Sae-Joon Choung

doi:10.5395/JKACD.2006.31.2.103

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Jung, Cho, Son, Um, Han, and Choung: Effect of additional coating of bonding resin on the microtensile bond strength of self-etching adhesives to dentin

Original Article

J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2006;31(2):103-112.

Published online: 14 January 2006

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2006.31.2.103

Effect of additional coating of bonding resin on the microtensile bond strength of self-etching adhesives to dentin

Moon-Kyung Jung¹, Byeong-Hoon Cho^1,^2,^3,^*, Ho-Hyun Son^1,², Chung-Moon Um^1,², Young-Chul Han¹, Sae-Joon Choung¹

¹Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

²Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

³Intellectual Biointerface Engineering Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

^*Corresponding Author: Byeong-Hoon Cho, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University. 28-2 Yeongun-dong, Chongro-gu, Seoul, Korea, 110-749, Tel: +82-2-2072-3514 Fax: +82-2-764-3514, E-mail: chobh@snu.ac.kr

Received 6 October 2005 Revised 27 December 2005 Accepted 16 February 2006

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

This study investigated the hypothesis that the dentin bond strength of self-etching adhesive (SEA) might be improved by applying additional layer of bonding resin that might alleviate the pH difference between the SEA and the restorative composite resin. Two SEAs were used in this study; Experimental SEA (Exp, pH: 1.96) and Adper Prompt (AP, 3M ESPE, USA, pH: 1.0). In the control groups, they were applied with two sequential coats. In the experimental groups, after applying the first coat of assigned SEAs, the D/E bonding resin of All-Bond 2 (Bisco Inc., USA, pH: 6.9) was applied as the intermediate adhesive. Z-250 (3M ESPE, USA) composite resin was built-up in order to prepare hourglass-shaped specimens. The microtensile bond strength (MTBS) was measured and the effect of the intermediate layer on the bond strength was analyzed for each SEA using t-test. The fracture mode of each specimen was inspected using stereomicroscope and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM). When D/E bonding resin was applied as the second coat, MTBS was significantly higher than that of the control groups. The incidence of the failure between the adhesive and the composite or between the adhesive and dentin decreased and that of the failure within the adhesive layer increased. According to the results, applying the bonding resin of neutral pH can increase the bond strength of SEAs by alleviating the difference in acidity between the SEA and restorative composite resin.

Keywords: Self-etching adhesive, Microtensile bond strength test, pH, Intermediate layer, Fracture mode

References

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Figure 1.

Schematic diagram of the specimen preparation.

Figure 2.

Microtensile bond strength (MTBS) to dentin. When D/E bonding resin was used as the second coat over the first coat of SEA, the MTBS of each SEA increased significantly.

Abbreviations. Exp: Experimental self-etching adhesive; D/E: D/E bonding resin of All-Bond 2; Adp: Adper Prompt.

Figure 3.

FE-SEM micrograph of two coats of the Experimental SEA. (A) fractured surface of resin side. (B) fractured surface of dentin side. Dentinal tubules were seen (arrow). Failures at the bottom or at the top of the hybrid layer locating between the adhesive layer and the dentin was observed.

Figure 4.

FE-SEM micrograph of the Experimental SEA and D/E bonding resin. (A) fractured surface of resin side. (B) corresponding surface of dentin side. Fracture within the adhesive layer was observed as smooth surface. The fracture plane deviated into the composite resin (arrow).

Figure 5.

FE-SEM micrograph of two coats of Adper Prompt. (A) fractured surface of resin side. (B) fractured surface of dentin side. Honeycomb appearance with much irregular voids was seen in dentin side (B).

Figure 6.

FE-SEM micrograph of Adper Prompt and D/E bonding resin. (A) fractured surface of resin side. (B) corresponding surface of dentin side. The failure was classified as a mixed one.

Table 1.

Composition of the materials used in this study

	Composition of the materials	Manufacturer
Adper Prompt	Liquid 1:	3M ESPE,
	Methacrylated phosphoric esters	St. Paul. MN, USA
	Bis-GMA
	Initiators based on camphoroquinone
	Stabilizers
	Liquid 2:
	Water
	2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)
	Polyalkenoic acid
	Stabilizers
Experimental self-etching adhesive	Ethylene glycol methacrylate Phosphate (EGMP)
	MONO-2-(Methacryloyloxy) Ethyl phthalate (MEP)
	Urethane dimethacrylate
	2-Hydroxyethylmethacrylate Ethanol
D/E resin of All-Bond2	Bisphenol A diglycidylmethacrylate	Bisco, Itasca, IL, USA
	Urethane dimetyhacrylate
	Hydroxyethyl methacrylate
Z-250	Matrix:	3M ESPE,
	UDMA, Bis-EMA and Bis-GMA	St. Paul. MN, USA
	Filler:
	Zirconium glass and Coloidal silica

Table 2.

Fracture modes of tested specimens

Fracture modes	Exp 2coat	Exp + D/E	Adp 2coat	Adp + D/E
Composite resin cohesive	4	0	3	6
Composite resin - Adhesive layer	0	3	16	0
Within adhesive layer	0	7	1	7
Adhesive layer - Dentin	16	6	2	5
Dentin cohesive	0	1	0	0
Mixed	1	5	0	3
Total	21	22	22	21

Abreviations. Exp: Experimental adhesive; D/E: D/E bonding resin of All-Bond2; Adp: Adper Prompt.

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