New quantitative measuring technique for microleakage of the restored tooth through 3D reconstruction

Sang-Yoon Ha; Dong-Hoon Shin

doi:10.5395/JKACD.2004.29.5.413

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Ha and Shin: New quantitative measuring technique for microleakage of the restored tooth through 3D reconstruction

Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry

Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2004; 29(5): 413-422.

Published online: 30 September 2004

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2004.29.5.413

New quantitative measuring technique for microleakage of the restored tooth through 3D reconstruction

Sang-Yoon Ha, Dong-Hoon Shin

Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Korea.

Corresponding author: Dong-Hoon Shin. Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, San 7-1, Shinbu-dong, CheanAn, ChungNam, Korea, 330-716. Tel: 82-41-550-1965, Fax: 82-41-550-1963, donyshin@dku.edu

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Established microleakage tests have their own disadvantages. In this study, 3D reconstruction method was tried to overcome these disadvantages.

Four types of microleakage tests were used and relationships among them were estimated: penetrated dye volume; marginal adaptability; degree of dye penetration and relative penetrated length to cavity wall.

Twenty-four Class V cavities were bulk filled with composite (Esthet X) following surface treatments: N group (no treatment); E group (etching only); T group (etching + Prime & Bond NT). 50% silver nitrate was used as a dye solution after thermocycling (5℃ & 55℃, 1,000 times). Teeth were serially ground with a thickness of 0.2 mm. Volume of dye penetration was estimated from a three-dimensionally reconstructed image with a software (3D-DOCTOR). Percentage of margin without gap was estimated from SEM and degree of dye penetration and the relative length of dye penetration to overall cavity wall were also estimated.

ANOVA and Scheffe test for dye volume, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test for marginal quality, Spearman's rho test for checking of relationships among methods were used.

The results were as follows:

1. Dye penetration could be seen from several directions, furthermore, its volumetric estimation was possible.

2. Reverse relationship was found between dye volume and marginal quality (r = -0.881 / p = 0.004).

3. Very low relationship was seen between dye volume and two-dimensional tests (degree of dye penetration and relative length). However, 2D evaluation methods showed high relationship (p = 0.002-0.054) each other.

4. Three times vertical section could be recommended as a 2D test.

Keywords: Microleakage, 3D reconstruction, Marginal adaptability, Silver nitrate, Thermocycling, SEM

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Marginal adaptation from SEM evaluation: Percentage of gap-free margin (A; red) to cavity perimeter (B; blue) (SEM image; × 35)

Figure 2

Montage view showing serial cross-sectioned images

Figure 3

Three-dimensionally reconstructed restored tooth

Figure 4

Evaluation criteria about percentage of dye penetration: Percentage of length of dye penetration (B; red) to overall cavity wall length (A; blue)

Figure 5

Evaluation criteria about degree of dye penetration: 0 - No dye penetration (A); 1 - Dye penetration less than half the length of the gingival or occlusal wall (B); 2 - Dye penetration up to the full length of the gingival or occlusal wall (C); 3 - Dye penetration along the axial wall (D)

Figure 6

Three-dimensionally reconstructed tooth (group N): A; buccal view, B; mesial view, C; lingual view, D; distal view

Figure 7

Three-dimensionally reconstructed tooth (group E): A; buccal view, B; mesial view, C; lingual view, D; distal view

Figure 8

Three-dimensionally reconstructed tooth (group T): A; buccal view, B; mesial view, C; lingual view, D; distal view

Table 1

Surface treatments

Table 2

Percentage of perfect margin

^*: p < 0.05 ^**: p < 0.01

Table 3

Volumetric microleakage (cubic voxels)

^*: p < 0.05

Table 4

Mean degree of dye penetration according to number of vertical section

Table 5

Mean relative length of dye penetration to an overall cavity wall according to number of vertical section (%)

Table 6

Correlation between evaluation methods

^**: p < 0.01

Table 7

Degree of dye penetration according to number of vertical section

Table 8

Relative length of dye penetration according to number of vertical section (%)

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