Surface roughness of universal composites after polishing procedures

Jae-Yong Lee; Dong-Hoon Shin

doi:10.5395/JKACD.2003.28.5.369

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Lee and Shin: Surface roughness of universal composites after polishing procedures

Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry

Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2003; 28(5): 369-377.

Published online: 30 September 2003

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2003.28.5.369

Surface roughness of universal composites after polishing procedures

Jae-Yong Lee, Dong-Hoon Shin

Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Korea.

Corresponding author (donyshin@dankook.ac.kr)

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two polishing methods and chemical conditioning on the surface of hybrid composites.

Ninety cylindrical specimens (diameter: 8 mm, depth: 2 mm) were made with three hybrid composites - Filtek Z250, Tetric Ceram, DenFil. Specimens for each composite were randomly divided into three treatment subgroups - ① Mylar strip (no treatment), ② Sof-Lex XT system, ③ PoGo system. Average surface roughness(Ra) was taken using a surface profilometer at the time of setting and after immersion into 0.02N lactic acid for 1 week and 1 month. Representative specimens were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Scheffe's tests at 0.05% significance level.

The results were as follows:

Mylar strip resulted in smoother surface than PoGo and Sof-Lex system(p<0.001). Sof-Lex system gave the worst results.
Tetric Ceram was smoother than DenFil and Z250 when cured under only mylar strip. However, it was significantly rougher than other materials when polished with PoGo system.
All materials showed rough surface after storage in 0.02N lactic acid, except groups polished with a PoGo system.

The PoGo system gave a superior polish than Sof-Lex system for the three composites. However, the correlation to clinical practice may be limited, since there are several processes, such as abrasive, fatigue, and corrosive mechanisms. Thus, further studies are needed for polishing technique under in vivo conditions.

Keywords: Surface roughness, Universal hybrid composite, Mylar strip, Sof-Lex system, PoGo system, 0.02N lactic acid

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Tracing length and sites of specimens.

Fig. 2

The overall roughness of the surface (Ra parameter) is defined as the arithmetical average value of all absolute distances of the roughness profile from the centerline within the measuring lenth.

Fig. 3

Surface roughness(Ra, µm)

Fig. 4

Filtek Z250 (no Tx., before immersion) (×150)

Fig. 5

Filtek Z250 (no Tx., 1 month) (×150)

Fig. 6

Filtek Z250 (Sof-Lex system, before immersion) (×150)

Fig. 7

Filtek Z250 (Sof-Lex system, 1 month) (×150)

Fig. 8

Filtek Z250 (PoGo system, before immersion) (×150)

Fig. 9

Filtek Z250 (PoGo system, 1 month) (×150)

Table 1

Composition and manufacturers of the composites evaluated

^*Bis-GMA : bisphenol diglycidyl methacrylate

^§UDMA : urethan dimethacrylate

^†Bis-EMA : bisphenol A polyetheylene glycol diether dimethacrylate

^‡TEGDMA : triethylene glycol dimethacrylate

Table 2

Polishing kits tested

Table 3

Surface roughness (Ra) [Mean (S.D.)] (µm)

Table 4

Statistical significance when the polishing methods and materials, immersion times and materials combination were analyzed (2-way ANOVA).

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