The Effects of Diabetes on Risk of Infection

Ji A Seo

doi:10.4093/jkd.2017.18.1.14

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Seo: The Effects of Diabetes on Risk of Infection

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J Korean Diabetes 2017;18(1):14-19.

Published online: 10 January 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/jkd.2017.18.1.14

The Effects of Diabetes on Risk of Infection

Ji A Seo

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Corresponding author: Ji A Seo Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123 Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan 15355, Korea, E-mail: seo-ji-a@hanmail.net

Received 24 January 2017 Accepted 25 January 2017

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

A relationship between diabetes and infection has long been accepted clinically. Host-specific factors that are thought to predispose diabetic patients to infection include hyperglycemia-related impairment of the immune response, vascular insufficiency, diabetic peripheral and autonomic neuropathy, and skin and mucosal colonization of pathogens. Some uncommon but life-threatening infections (e.g., malignant otitis media, rhinocerebral mucormycosis, gangrenous cholecystitis) occur almost exclusively in people with diabetes. Previous large population-based observational studies have reported strong associations between higher HbA1c and infection risks for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. However, the potential of better long-term glycemic control to prevent infection remains controversial due to sparse randomized controlled trials. More high-quality, prospective studies with sufficient control of confounding factors and repeated HbA1c measures are necessary.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Hyperglycemia, Infection

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