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Abstract
Background
The 30 mg pioglitazone tablet was recently introduced in Korea; no study has yet compared its glucose-lowering or weight gain effects to the 15 mg tablet in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods
The electronic medical records of 45 patients with T2DM with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels > 7.0%, despite taking 15 mg/day pioglitazone and a stable dose of other diabetes drugs for 3 months, were retrospectively reviewed.
Results
After dose up-titration, HbA1c levels decreased at 3- and 6-month follow-ups compared with baseline (8.5% at baseline vs. 8.2% at 3 months vs. 7.9% at 6 months; baseline vs. 3 months, P = 0.106; baseline vs. 6 months, P = 0.005; 3 months vs. 6 months, P = 0.096). In the subgroup analysis of 36 patients taking pioglitazone, sulfonylurea, and metformin, HbA1c levels also decreased at 3- and 6-month follow-ups compared with baseline (8.5 % vs. 8.2 % vs. 7.9%; baseline vs. 3 months, P = 0.289; baseline vs. 6 months, P = 0.014; 3 months vs. 6 months, P = 0.232). There was no significant body weight change (70.8 kg vs. 70.7 kg vs. 71.0 kg).
References
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Fig. 1.
Effect of dose-up titration of pioglitazone. (A) Effect of dose-up titration of pioglitazone on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c; n = 45). (B) Effect of dose-up titration of pioglitazone on fasting plasma glucose (FPG; n = 45). (C) Effect of dose-up titration of pioglitazone on HbA1c in sulfonylurea (SU) + metformin (MET) subgroup (n = 36). (D) Effect of dose-up titration of pioglitazone on HbA1c in maximal dose of SU + MET subgroup (n = 27).
Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics of subjects (n = 45)
Values are pressed as mean ± standard deviation, percent only, or number (%). BMI, body mass index; BP, diastolic blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine transaminase; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin.
Table 2.
Comparison of clinical characteristics between responder and non-responders on pioglitazone up-titration responder, defined as decrease of HbA1c ≥ 1.0% for 6 months
Responder, defined as decrease of HbA1c ≥ 1.0% for 6 months. Value arepressed as mean ± standard deviation or number (%). SU, sulfonylurea; MET, metformin; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein.
Table 3.
Logistic regression analysis for responder on pioglitazone up-titration
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