Diagnosis of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Geum-Youn Gwak

doi:10.4093/jkd.2014.15.2.82

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Gwak: Diagnosis of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Focused Issue

J Korean Diabetes 2014;15(2):82-92.

Published online: 20 January 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/jkd.2014.15.2.82

Diagnosis of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Geum-Youn Gwak

Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Although the classical gold standard for diagnosing and staging non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and assessing fibrosis is liver biopsy, the procedure has several drawbacks, such as sample error, subjectivity in interpretation, high cost, and a small but real risk of complications. In an attempt to replace liver biopsy and to subcategorize patients with NAFLD into different prognoses, many non-invasive methods using various biomarkers, scoring systems, and imaging methods, such as elastography, have been attempted in the last decade. This article summarizes non-invasive diagnostic tests for the diagnosis of NAFLD/Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, as well as the limitations and merits of liver biopsy.

Keywords: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, Diagnosis, Liver biopsy

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Fig. 1.

Microscopic finding of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. There are macrovesicular fatty change, ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes, and focal hepatocyte necrosis with inflammatory cell infiltration (H&E, ｘ400).

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