Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) is hot topic recently because its tubers have been introduced as a beneficial food for decreasing glucose level. Therefore, this study focuses on providing accurate information about Jerusalem artichoke, its contents, and the effective way for diabetic patients to intake it.

The dietary fiber inulin is a considerable component in Jerusalem artichoke compared to other foods. It is indigestible by human enzymes and passes through much of the digestive system intact. Therefore it delays sharp increases of the glycemic index. Also, inulin is a soluble fiber able to increase bowel activity and the abundance of beneficial gut bacteria among other benefits. However, consumption of large quantities of inulin can lead to bloating and nutritional disorders. It is necessary to intake only a suitable amount. Jerusalem artichoke contains more soluble fiber than potato but is similar to potato in other components. Therefore, it is recommended to consider carbohydrate amount when replacing the usual menu. Using Jerusalem artichoke tuber powder as a cornstarch substitute in cooking helps reduce rise of the glycemic index. It is useful to control blood sugar with not only diet, regular exercise, and medicinal treatments, but also with exact knowledge of food and the proper way to effectively intake it.