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Abstract
The strict control of blood glucose levels is the most effective way to prevent and slow or prevent the development of diabetes complications. It is important to control postprandial hyperglycemia in order to maintain blood glucose levels in the normal range and reduce the risk of diabetes complications. Postprandial blood glucose levels are influenced by several factors such as diet pattern, meal composition (carbohydrate intake), amount of food intake, gastric emptying time, insulin resistance, and insulin and glucagon secretion. Postprandial blood glucose levels are particularly affected by food intake and activity. Thus, diet therapy is essential for maintaining postprandial blood glucose levels in the normal range.
Maintaining a consistent meal time and amount of food intake, controlling the carbohydrate intake, using the glycemic index for additional benefit, and consuming dietary fiber (20-25 g/day) are all recommended for controlling postprandial blood glucose levels. In conclusion, it is important to not only control these factors, but also to develop a balanced diet plan that considers each individual patient's life style.
Figures and Tables
Table 1
The average glycemic index (GI) of common foods
Values are presented as mean ± SEM.
a Low-glycemic index varieties were also identified.
b Average of all available data.
Adapted from Atkinson et al. Diabetes Care 2008;31:2281-3 [14].
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