Effect of Exercise on Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus (Aerobic vs. Resistance)

Sae Jeong Yang; Kyung Mook Choi

doi:10.4093/jkd.2011.12.1.25

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Yang and Choi: Effect of Exercise on Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus (Aerobic vs. Resistance)

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J Korean Diabetes 2011;12(1):25-28.

Published online: 22 January 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/jkd.2011.12.1.25

Effect of Exercise on Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus (Aerobic vs. Resistance)

Sae Jeong Yang, Kyung Mook Choi

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

The beneficial effects of exercise in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are caused by improvement of various cardiovascular risk factors. Previous studies have shown that there is a dose-dependent negative relationship between aerobic exercise and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Furthermore, many recent studies reported that both aerobic and resistance exercise are equally beneficial for improvement of diverse CVD risk factors as well as better glucose control. Exercise especially improves HbA1c, HDL-cholesterol, blood pressure, and central obesity. Aerobic exercise that uses large muscle structure leads to improve aerobic fitness (VO2max). Increase of VO2max and improvement of insulin sensitivity is strongly correlated. On the other hand, resistance exercise induces a hypertrophy of muscle and muscle-fiber type shifting. Therefore, resistance training is beneficial for increment of muscle mass. These changes allow potential increase of glucose utilization. In patients with type 2 diabetes, exercise training is useful for controlling glucose and other metabolic risk factors. However, exercise training must be implemented with proper pre-assessment of cardiovascular risk.

Keywords: Aerobic exercise, Resistance exercise, Type 2 diabetes, Cardiovascular disease

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