The Effect of Lumbar Stability Exercise Program on Sedentary Life Female, Lumbosacral Region Angle, Muscular Strength, Physical Fitness and Pain Scale

Ji-Sun Oh; Dong-Gyun Choi; Yeon-Soo Kim

doi:10.5763/kjsm.2017.35.1.15

Journal List > Korean J Sports Med > v.35(1) > 1054591

Go to TopGo to Top Go to BottomGo to Bottom

TOOLS

Oh, Choi, and Kim: The Effect of Lumbar Stability Exercise Program on Sedentary Life Female, Lumbosacral Region Angle, Muscular Strength, Physical Fitness and Pain Scale

Clinical Article

Korean J Sports Med 2017;35(1):15-24.

Published online: 20 January 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5763/kjsm.2017.35.1.15

The Effect of Lumbar Stability Exercise Program on Sedentary Life Female, Lumbosacral Region Angle, Muscular Strength, Physical Fitness and Pain Scale

Ji-Sun Oh¹, Dong-Gyun Choi², Yeon-Soo Kim^1,³

¹Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

²Department of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea

³Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

Correspondence: Yeon-Soo Kim Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea Tel: +82-2-880-7794, Fax: +82-2-886-7804 E-mail: kys0101@snu.ac.kr

Received 6 October 2016 Revised 10 December 2016 Accepted 15 December 2016

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of lumbar stabilization exercise on lumbosacral region angle, lumbar strength, lower muscle strength, physical fitness, and low back pain of sedentary women. Twenty females who spend more than 6 hours a day as sedentary at working were recruited. The subjects were assigned to two different groups which are exercise group (n=10) and non-exercise group (n=10). Exercise program was consisted with Swiss ball and lumber stability exercise, and it was performed 60 min/day and 3 times/wk for 8 weeks. Two-way analysis of variance was conducted to analyze experimental data. As a result, there was no significant difference between groups in lumbar lordosis angle and lumbar sacral angle. However, Isometric lumbar extension strength, isokinetic knee flexion and extension peak torque in angular velocity were significantly different between groups, and the pain was reduced. To conclude, this study identified the effectiveness of lumbar stabilization exercise on lumbar muscular, strength, Sargent jump, sit and reach test and reduced pain.

Keywords: Sedentary lifestyle, Lumbar stabilization exercise, Lumbar muscle strength, Physical fitness, Low back pain

References

1. Statistics Korea. Economically active population survey. Daejeon: Statistics Korea;2016.

2. Salmon J, Tremblay MS, Marshall SJ, Hume C. Health risks, correlates, and interventions to reduce sedentary behavior in young people. Am J Prev Med. 2011; 41:197–206.

3. Lee JS, So YS, Kim MJ, Moon SJ, Jang SD, Kim YJ. Effects of the lumbar stabilization exercise on scoliosis, local muscle area, VAS and muscle function in female university students. Exerc Sci. 2011; 20:61–70.

4. Cho SW, Shim SY, Nam SN. The effect of body composition, pulmonary function, and physical fitness in sedentary office worker by exercise. J Korean Soc Living Environ Syst. 2012; 19:336–43.

5. Bu KH, Oh TY. Effects of visual information on joint angular velocity of trunk and lower extremities in sitting and squat motion. J Korean Phys Ther. 2015; 27:89–95.

6. Jeong UC, Sim JH, Kim CY, HwangBo G, Nam CW. The effects of gluteus muscle strengthening exercise and lumbar stabilization exercise on lumbar muscle strength and balance in chronic low back pain patients. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015; 27:3813–6.

7. Lee HK, Cho YH, Lee JC. The effect of improve the waist flexibility, the waist muscular strength and the waist balance which grafted in William & Mckenzie exercise with swiss ball. J Korean Soc Phys Med. 2013; 8:479–87.

8. Heo MY, Kim K, Hur BY, Nam CW. The effect of lumbar stabilization exercises and thoracic mobilization and exercises on chronic low back pain patients. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015; 27:3843–6.

9. Yang KH, Kim NK, Kim YS, et al. Lumbar spinal instability and its radiologic findings. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2000; 29:78–86.

10. Wang JM, Kim DJ. Assessment of the spinal pain using visual analogue scale (VAS). J Korean Soc Spine Surg. 1995; 2:177–84.

11. Badics JA. American College of Sports Medicine: health and physical activity reference database. Choice Curr Rev Acad Libr. 2008; 46:657–8.

12. Jespersen M, Potvin AN. The great body ball handbook. Blaine: Productive Fitness Publishing;2000.

13. McKenzie RA. Prophylaxis in recurrent low back pain. N Z Med J. 1979; 89:22–3.

14. Kim BG, Yi SJ, Kang JD, Park RJ. Difference of lumbar lordosis in patients with low back pain and controls. J Korean Soc Phys Ther. 2000; 12:185–90.

15. Jackson RP, McManus AC. Radiographic analysis of sagittal plane alignment and balance in standing volunteers and patients with low back pain matched for age, sex, and size: a prospective controlled clinical study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1994; 19:1611–8.

16. Sung PS. A compensation of angular displacements of the hip joints and lumbosacral spine between subjects with and without idiopathic low back pain during squatting. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2013; 23:741–5.

17. American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription. 8th ed.Indianapolis: American College of Sports Medicine;2008.

18. Lee KK, Pak JY. The effects of elastic band, Swiss ball, lumbar stabilizing exercise on weight distribution, lumbar strength and pain degree in middle-aged women with chronic lower back. Korea J Sports Sci. 2010; 19:1155–65.

19. Park SY, Lim DC, Jeon KK. Effects of exercise pattern on lumbar extension strength and balance in patients with chronic low back pain. Korean J Exerc Rehabil. 2011; 7:227–37.

20. Kim GD, So IY, Han GS. Effects of rehabilitation training on lumbar extension strength, ratio of lumbar flexion/extension and VAS in HNP group & DDD group among LBP patients. J Coach Dev. 2013; 15:77–86.

21. Sato K, Mokha M. Does core strength training influence running kinetics, lower-extremity stability, and 5000-M performance in runners? J Strength Cond Res. 2009; 23:133–40.

22. McGill S. Low back disorders: evidencebased prevention and rehabilitation. Champaign: Human Kinetics;2002.

23. Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism. Korean physical fitness survey. Sejong: Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism;2015.

24. Hu FB, Li TY, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Manson JE. Television watching and other sedentary behaviors in relation to risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in women. JAMA. 2003; 289:1785–91.

25. Lee CH. A study on the determination of criteria for physical fitness and obesity factors in Korean adults. Korean J Phys Educ. 2003; 42:629–37.

26. Kim SB. Effect of manual adjustment and gym-ball exercise on sEMG, Cobb's angle, VAS, flexibility, and strength in elderly women with low back pain symptom [dissertation]. Seoul: Kyung Hee University;2012.

27. Song RY, Ahn SH. Effect of lumbar stabilization exercise on back pain, physical fitness, sleep, and depression in middle-aged women with chronic back pain. Korean J Adult Nurs. 2008; 20:269–79.

28. Kang JI, Choi H. The effect of pelvic stability exercise program on pain and hip joint of patients with chronic low back pain involving sacroiliac joint pain. J Digit Converg. 2013; 11:331–8.

Table 1.

General characteristics

Variable	Exercise group (n=10)	Control group (n=10)
Age (yr)	35±2.56	30.20±2.7
Height (cm)	156.70±3.20	163.90±3.93
Weight (kg)	55.90±6.17	56.10±5.99
Body fat (%)	28.30±4.64	25.90±4.80

Table 2.

Exercise program

Stage	Time/frequency	Program	ETC
Warm-up	10 min	Stretching	3 times/wk
Main exercise	40 min	Swiss ball exercise: basic bouncing, pelvic tilt, pelvic circle, ball reverse bridge, supine bridge one leg dips, hip lifting and knee bending, sitting on a ball and marching, ball crunch, arching, leg tilt, ball bridge, side stretching	1 Set 10 rep
		Lumbal stabilization: superman, leg lifting in prone position, arm lifting in prone position, quadruped arm/leg raise, bridge, bridge and leg lifting, bow position
Cool-down	10 min	Stretching

rep: repetition.

Table 3.

The result of variable analysis about angle according to existence and nonexistence of exercise

Angle	Time	CG	EG	Source	F	Sig
Lumbar lordosis angle	Pre	33.60±9.49	40.80±13.42	Group	2.52	0.130
	Post	31.30±9.83	37.90±11.35	Time	1.14	0.299
				Group×time	0.02	0.903
Lumbosacral angle	Pre	8.60±3.75	8.70±2.41	Group	1.45	0.244
	Post	7.00±1.16	9.10±3.38	Time	0.45	0.510
				Group×time	1.26	0.277
Sacral angle	Pre	34.60±11.37	39.40±8.20	Group	0.50	0.490
	Post	35.20±11.01	35.40±8.04	Time	0.44	0.515
				Group×time	0.81	0.381

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. CG: control group, EG: exercise group.

Table 4.

The result of variable analysis about isometric lumbar extension muscle strength according to existence and nonexistence of exercise

Angle	Time	CG	EG	Source	F	Sig
0^o	Pre	52.90±28.50	49.90±19.91	Group	14.01	0.001^∗
	Post	50.70±23.19	119.70±20.15	Time	38.21	0.000^∗∗∗
				Group×time	43.35	0.000^∗∗∗
12^o	Pre	74.40±33.25	65.20±28.13	Group	3.27	0.087
	Post	72.30±23.83	118.30±23.34	Time	13.88	0.002^∗∗
				Group×time	16.27	0.001^∗∗
24^o	Pre	84.60±30.79	80.90±26.48	Group	3.97	0.062
	Post	92.60±28.43	133.60±21.03	Time	16.09	0.001^∗∗
				Group×time	8.73	0.008^∗∗
36^o	Pre	99.80±33.03	84.20±27.65	Group	1.80	0.197
	Post	99.00±32.64	145.30±23.34	Time	21.52	0.000^∗∗∗
				Group×time	22.68	0.000^∗∗∗
48^o	Pre	107.30±40.61	94.80±27.14	Group	1.48	0.239
	Post	106.90±33.84	151.00±28.63	Time	15.84	0.001^∗∗
				Group×time	16.29	0.001^∗∗
60^o	Pre	117.60±27.36	107.50±29.65	Group	0.75	0.397
	Post	123.90±46.16	155.80±28.89	Time	10.40	0.005^∗
				Group×time	6.15	0.023^∗
72^o	Pre	136.50±37.19	122.10±17.82	Group	0.302	0.589
	Post	143.30±37.87	171.20±18.53	Time	16.75	0.001^∗∗
				Group×time	9.59	0.006^∗∗

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. CG: control group, EG: exercise group.

^∗ p<0.05,

^∗∗ p<0.01,

^∗∗∗ p<0.001.

Table 5.

The result of variable analysis about isokinetic knee joint flexion and extension peak torque according to existence and nonexistence of exercise

Variable	Angle	Time		CG	EG	Source	F	Sig
Extension	60^o	Left	Pre	106.10±26.21	85.00±16.13	Group	1.52	0.234
			Post	109.90±31.20	108.30±16.75	Time	7.32	0.014
						Group×time	3.79	0.067
		Right	Pre	104.90±30.26	82.20±23.11	Group	0.61	0.444
			Post	102.70±30.72	108.20±24.06	Time	5.08	0.037^∗
						Group×time	7.13	0.016^∗
	180^o	Left	Pre	67.40±17.88	51.60±9.95	Group	1.63	0.218
			Post	69.50±23.51	67.00±15.26	Time	8.74	0.008^∗∗
						Group×time	5.05	0.037^∗∗
		Right	Pre	64.80±16.08	51.50±11.18	Group	0.74	0.400
			Post	66.70±20.29	68.40±17.52	Time	8.94	0.008^∗
						Group×time	5.69	0.028^∗
Flexion	60^o	Left	Pre	48.70±16.43	41.10±15.06	Group	0.17	0.683
			Post	52.40±14.20	64.50±8.75	Time	19.79	0.000^∗∗
						Group×time	10.46	0.005^∗∗
		Right	Pre	43.10±13.27	41.50±12.36	Group	1.04	0.321
			Post	53.20±16.75	66.10±14.59	Time	28.63	0.000^∗∗∗
						Group×time	4.99	0.038^∗
	180^o	Left	Pre	37.40±8.29	31.20±7.76	Group	0.017	0.898
			Post	39.60±9.61	44.90±7.55	Time	31.35	0.000^∗∗∗
						Group×time	16.40	0.001^∗∗
		Right	Pre	36.00±8.15	32.30±8.08	Group	0.09	0.757
			Post	40.00±10.99	45.90±9.06	Time	17.23	0.001^∗∗
						Group×time	5.13	0.036^∗∗

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. CG: control group, EG: exercise group.

^∗ p＜0.05,

^∗∗ p＜0.01,

^∗∗∗ p＜0.001.

Table 6.

The result of variable analysis about isokinetic knee point flexion and extension total work according to existenc and nonexistence of exercise

Variable	Angle	Time		CG	EG	Source	F	Sig
Extension	60^o	Left	Pre	517.30±158.70	312.30±104.40	Group	4.03	0.06
			Post	515.80±181.89	512.00±72.87	Time	9.61	0.006^∗∗
						Group×time	9.90	0.006^∗∗
		Right	Pre	493.30±155.74	388.20±126.00	Group	0.43	0.523
			Post	490.10±178.63	515.00±133.05	Time	5.45	0.031^∗∗
						Group×time	6.03	0.024^∗∗
	180^o	Left	Pre	1,214.80±343.18	859.40±155.28	Group	3.13	0.094
			Post	1,219.30±408.53	1,110.40±293.86	Time	6.43	0.021^∗∗
						Group×time	5.98	0.025^∗∗
		Right	Pre	1,219.90±339.48	905.90±198.71	Group	2.63	0.123
			Post	1,192.60±360.48	1,111.30±275.62	Time	2.52	0.130
						Group×time	4.29	0.053
Flexion	60^o	Left	Pre	274.90±109.67	236.40±80.30	Group	0.00	0.954
			Post	290.20±93.58	333.00±57.94	Time	15.38	0.001^∗∗
						Group×time	8.12	0.011^∗∗
		Right	Pre	241.20±95.71	239.80±76.27	Group	2.63	0.123
			Post	286.40±127.22	311.70±92.18	Time	2.52	0.130
						Group×time	4.29	0.053
	180^o	Left	Pre	601.30±274.58	569.90±202.84	Group	0.32	0.579
			Post	698.20±219.37	832.20±166.34	Time	23.68	0.000^∗∗∗
						Group×time	5.02	0.038^∗∗
		Right	Pre	597.00±248.99	565.00±174.95	Group	0.430	0.520
			Post	730.00±274.90	879.20±161.95	Time	28.79	0.000^∗∗∗
						Group×time	4.73	0.043^∗

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. CG: control group, EG: exercise group.

^∗ p＜0.05,

^∗∗ p＜0.01,

^∗∗∗ p＜0.001.

Table 7.

The result of variable analysis about pain according to existence and nonexistence of exercise

Time	CG	EG	Source	F	Sig
Pre	5.10±4.82	6.70±0.823	Group	0.665	0.426
Post	5.00±3.27	3.00±1.054	Time	9.625	0.006^∗∗
			Group×time	9.156	0.008^∗∗

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. CG: control group, EG: exercise group.

^∗∗ p＜0.01.

Table 8.

Physical fitness according to exercise

Variable	Time		CG	EG	Source	F	Sig
Grip strength (kg)	Pre		24.20±4.89	24.00±4.35	Group	0.01	0.928
	Post		25.60±4.88	25.40±6.26	Time	4.08	0.058
					Group×time	0.00	1.000
Standing on one leg (s)	Right	Pre	43.20±30.57	53.40±37.17	Group	5.40	0.032^∗
		Post	36.30±24.46	95.70±57.09	Time	3.71	0.070
					Group×time	7.16	0.015^∗
	Left	Pre	46.60±39.44	57.10±39.09	Group	2.39	0.139
		Post	27.70±30.50	66.10±43.98	Time	0.52	0.482
					Group×time	4.10	0.058
Sit-up (n)	Pre		38.50±13.67	26.20±12.21	Group	2.54	0.129
	Post		38.80±9.48	34.90±14.19	Time	3.67	0.071
					Group×time	3.20	0.090
Sargent jump (cm)	Pre		44.20±6.81	33.20±8.43	Group	4.88	0.040^∗
	Post		36.40±6.92	33.70±6.52	Time	17.25	0.001^∗∗
					Group×time	22.29	0.000^∗∗∗
Side step (n)	Pre		19.10±4.33	16.90±1.85	Group	1.12	0.305
	Post		18.50±3.70	17.90±2.33	Time	0.14	0.717
					Group×time	2.17	0.158
Sit and reach (cm)	Pre		20.10±7.75	17.20±5.16	Group	0.32	0.578
	Post		19.90±9.32	19.30±4.64	Time	4.61	0.046^∗
					Group×time	6.75	0.018^∗
Sit up & stop (s)	Pre		55.40±49.04	36.50±28.08	Group	0.08	0.778
	Post		42.50±21.81	53.70±24.34	Time	0.14	0.711
					Group×time	6.93	0.017

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. CG: control group, EG: exercise group.

^∗ p＜0.05,

^∗∗ p＜0.01,

^∗∗∗ p＜0.001.

TOOLS

Similar articles