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Park, Yun, and Kim: Clinical Bilateral Poplitear Artery Entrapment Syndrome Caused by a Anomalous Origin of the Gastrocnemius Muscle
Case Report

Korean J Sports Med 2013;31(1):26-29.

Published online: 10 January 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5763/kjsm.2013.31.1.26

Clinical Bilateral Poplitear Artery Entrapment Syndrome Caused by a Anomalous Origin of the Gastrocnemius Muscle

Hee-Gon Park, Sung-Hyun Yun, Sung-Jin Kim

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea

Correspondence: Hee-Gon Park Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 330-997, Korea Tel: +82-41-550-6290, Fax: +82-41-556-3238 E-mail: darkghosts@naver.com

Received 24 January 2013       Revised 5 April 2013       Accepted 24 April 2013

Copyright © 2013 The Korean Society of Sports Medicine

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome can result from abnormal branching patterns of the popliteal artery or the anatomically abnormal placement of nearby muscles and tendons leading to a sustained compression of the popliteal artery. This compression leads to chronic capillary damage and early arteriosclerosis and embolism that can lead to distal ischemia. Thus early treatment is required to prevent harm to the lower limb. This is a rare congenital disease that mostly affects young adults, usually presenting with intermittent claudication of the leg, coldness and edema. A case where a 16-year-old female presented with pain and coldness in the lower right limb that started 1 year ago will be discussed. In this case, magnetic resonance imaging and arterial angiography lead to a diagnosis of popliteal artery entrapment resulting from an abnormal origin of the medial head of Gastrocnemius.

Keywords: Popliteal artery, Entrapment syndrome

References

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Fig. 1.
Popliteal artery entrapment resulting from an abnormal origin of the medial head of gastrocnemius, arising from supracondylar region, passing between popliteal artery and vein and inserting into medial head of muscle.
kjsm-31-26f1.tif
Fig. 2.
Nearly complete segmental occlusion in the right popliteal artery at the superior aspect of femoral condyle.
kjsm-31-26f2.tif
Fig. 3.
Right deviated arterial structure is narrower than other portion.
kjsm-31-26f3.tif
Table 1.
Classification of the popliteal artery entrapment syndrome according to Whelan and Rich classification5,6)
Type I Aberrant course of the popliteal artery medial to a normal MHG
Type II Abnormal lateral insertion of the MGH and medial deviation of the popliteal artery
Type III Compression of a normally positioned popliteal artery by an accessory slip of the MGH
Type IV Abnormal location of the popliteal artery, deep in the popliteus muscle or beneth fibrous bands in th popliteal fossa
Type V Any form of the entrapment that involves both the popliteal artery and vein

MGH: medial head of gastrocnemius muscle.

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