Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change in three-dimensional (3D) ankle joint kinematics on the arch pad. Ten male subjects performed running trials on treadmill, and ten motion capture system were used to record a position data of the reflected markers on the lower limb. Two conditions (no support and support: arch pad) were compared with the joint angles which were analyzed by the Cardan method. As a result, ankle joint eversion angles with support shoe (−6.5o±2.5o) were significantly lower than that with no support shoe (−10.2o±3.2o) (p<0.01). Nevertheless, differences in ankle joint dorsiflexion and abduction angles were not significantly different between support (20.1o±3.1o, −2.5o±1.9o) and no support shoe (20.4o±3.4o, −2.4o±2.1o) (p>0.25, p>0.11). Shoes with medial arch support or using special shoe inserts may help correct one's running form by reducing pronation and may reduce risk of running injury.
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Fig. 3.
Changes of 3D ankle joint angles (n=10) during stance phase of treadmill running. Running time in each subject is normalized as 100%. Lines of each graph are mean and standard deviation.
![kjsm-29-43f3.tif](/upload/SynapseXML/0171kjsm/thumb/kjsm-29-43f3.gif)
Fig. 4.
Comparisons of 3D ankle joint angles (dorsiflexion (A), eversion (B), and abduction (C)) in the shoes with a medial arch support and no support. ns: not significant.∗p<0.01.
![kjsm-29-43f4.tif](/upload/SynapseXML/0171kjsm/thumb/kjsm-29-43f4.gif)
Table 1.
Physical characteristics and three-dimensional ankle joint angles of subjects (n=10)
Subject (n) | Hight (cm) | Weight (kg) | DorsiFlexion (°) | Eversion (°) | Abduction(°) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No-support | Support | No-support | Support | No-support | Support | |||
1 | 178.5 | 66.8 | 24.8 | 22.6 | –11.1 | –8.8 | –3.5 | –2.7 |
2 | 169.3 | 57.1 | 21.0 | 20.8 | –7.4 | –5.9 | –4.4 | –4.6 |
3 | 167.4 | 60.6 | 22.0 | 23.6 | –8.5 | –4.1 | –1.6 | –1.8 |
4 | 169.3 | 58.3 | 16.7 | 16.3 | –4.3 | –3.0 | 2.9 | 2.5 |
5 | 166.6 | 68.1 | 16.5 | 16.9 | –13.7 | -11.7 | –4.8 | –4.2 |
6 | 172.1 | 64.4 | 14.0 | 14.2 | –9.0 | –3.8 | –4.2 | –3.9 |
7 | 175.5 | 69.5 | 20.7 | 18.9 | –11.1 | –5.8 | –2.6 | –3.5 |
8 | 165.1 | 53.8 | 23.0 | 23.9 | –8.3 | –5.9 | –2.2 | –2.2 |
9 | 170.2 | 58.2 | 22.1 | 21.6 | –15.0 | –7.5 | –2.4 | –3.0 |
10 | 167.1 | 57.7 | 23.6 | 21.9 | –13.8 | –8.7 | –1.2 | –1.7 |
Mean | 170.1 | 61.5 | 20.4 | 20.1 | –10.2 | −6.5∗ | −2.4 | –2.5 |
Standard deviat | tion 4.0 | 5.1 | 3.4 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 1.9 |