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Abstract
The protective efficacy of a silkworm extract (SE) on N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinsonism and its possible mechanisms were studied in C57BL/6 mice. Mice were administrated intraperitoneally with SE (20 mg/kg/day) for 15 days and MPTP (10 mg/kg/day) was administrated subcutaneously into the mice for the first 6 consecutive days 1 hour before SE treatment. All animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the last SE treatment. Then the parameters related to general toxicity and neurobiochemical markers, such as the dopamine level and the activities of monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B, were measured in various regions of the brain. Treatment of mice with SE effectively attenuated the MPTP-induced decline of striatal dopamine level. MAO-B activity in SE-pretreated mice was inhibited in whole brain, cerebellum and substantia nigra. These results suggest that SE plays an effective role in attenuating MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in animal model. These neuroprotective effects of SE are likely the result from the inhibitory effect on MAO-B activity in mouse brain.
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Figure 1.
Effect of silkworm extract (SE) pretreatment against depletion of striatal dopamine levels by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Striatal dopamine level was determined by high performance lipid chromatography and expressed as µg/g wet striatal tissue. Data were expressed mean±SD of 10 animals per group. ∗,∗∗Significantly different from the control group at P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively. #Significantly different from the MPTP-treated group at P<0.01.
Figure 2.
Effect of silkworm extract (SE) or/and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) treatment on monoamine oxidase-B activity in the whole brain of mice. Data were expressed as mean±SD of six repeated experiments using whole brain mitochondrial fractions pooled from 8 mice. ∗Significantly different from the control group at P<0.05. #Significantly different from MPTP treated group at P<0.05.
Figure 3.
Effect of silkworm extract (SE) or/and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) treatment on monoamine oxidase-B activity in the cerebellum of mice. Data were expressed as mean±SD of six repeated experiments using cerebellum mitochondrial fractions pooled from 8 mice. ∗Significantly different from the control group at P<0.01. #Significantly different from MPTP-treated group at P<0.01.
Figure 4.
Effect of silkworm extract (SE) or/and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) treatment on monoamine oxidase-B activity in the substantia nigra of mice. Data were expressed as mean±SD of six repeated experiments using substantia nigra mitochondrial fractions pooled from 8 mice. ∗,∗∗Significantly different from the control group at P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively. #Significantly different from MPTP-treated group at P<0.01.
Table 1.
Effect of silkworm extract (SE) treatment on relative organs weights to body weight of mice
| Treatment | Weights (g) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body | Brain | Liver | ||
| Day 1 | Day 16 | |||
| Vehicle | 22.3±0.8 | 23.2±0.9 | 0.48±0.02 | 0.93±0.10 |
| SE (20 mg/kg) | 24.6±2.4 | 24.1±0.8 | 0.47±0.02 | 0.87±0.07 |
Table 2.
Effect of silkworm extract (SE) treatment on glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT) activities in the serum of mice
| Treatment | GOT (IU/L) | GPT (IU/L) |
|---|---|---|
| Vehicle | 114±14 | 42±5.7 |
| SE (20 mg/kg) | 121±23 | 39±5.8 |
Table 3.
Condition of high performance lipid chromatography
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