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Kim, Ku, Jeon, Son, and Lee: The Clinico-Pathologic Features and Significance of Preoperative CA 125 in Patients Who Had an Operation for Ovarian Tumors
Original Article
The Journal of Korean Society of Menopause

The Journal of Korean Society of Menopause 2013; 19(1): 26-35.

Published online: 26 April 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6118/jksm.2013.19.1.26

The Clinico-Pathologic Features and Significance of Preoperative CA 125 in Patients Who Had an Operation for Ovarian Tumors

Chang Rae Kim1, Chun Hoe Ku, M.D.2, In Sang Jeon, M.D.3, Dong Woo Son, M.D.3, Ji Sung Lee, M.D.2

1Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.

2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.

3Department of Pediatrics, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.

Address for Correspondence: Ji Sung Lee, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, 1198, Guwol-dong, Namdong-gu, Incheon 405-760, Korea. Tel: +82-32-460-2074, Fax: +82-32-460-3290, dongwook@gilhospital.com

Received 30 January 2013       Revised 20 February 2013       Accepted 15 March 2013

Copyright © 2013 by The Korean Society of Menopause

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/).

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study is to confirm the clinical and histopathologic findings of ovarian tumors and determine the malignancy before operation. It will attribute to early diagnosis, determining direction of treatment and improving prognosis of malignant ovarian tumor.

Methods

Seven hundred sixty-five patients who had an operation for ovarian tumors in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Gachon University Gil Medical Center from April 2007 to December 2009 were enrolled as subjects. A retrospective analysis of age, parity, menopausal status, preoperative CA 125, histology, ultrasound, and treatment method was done.

Results

1. Among benign ovarian tumors, endometrial cyst (211 cases, 30.1%) was most common and had the highest preoperative CA 125 (76.07 U/mL). 2. Among borderline ovarian tumors, mucinous type (16 cases, 62.5%) was most common, but preoperative CA 125 was higher in serous type (144.38 U/mL) than mucinous type (82.59 U/mL). 3. Among malignant ovarian tumors, serous adenocarcinoma (14 cases, 29.8%) was most common, and undifferentiated carcinoma had the highest preoperative CA 125 (500.0 U/mL). 4. The preoperative CA 125 showed a tendency to increase in relation to stage in malignant ovarian tumors. 5. Age, preoperative CA 125, menopausal status and ultrasound finding were identified as discriminating factors for malignancy and relative risk of them were 7.19, 7.90, 5.56 and 61.43, respectively.

Conclusion

Using the combination of age, menopausal status, preoperative CA 125 and ultrasound to diagnose ovarian tumors before the operation will be a help to early diagnosis and determining the treatment and improve prognosis.

Keywords: Benign ovarian tumor, CA-125 antigen, Malignant ovarian tumor

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1
Incidence of benign (A), borderline (B), and malignant (C) ovarian tumors.
jksm-19-26-g001
Fig. 2
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for preoperative cancer antigen (CA) 125 (A) and age (B) in discriminating between benign and malignant ovarian tumors.
jksm-19-26-g002
Table 1
The baseline characteristics of 765 patients
jksm-19-26-i001

CA: cancer antigen

Table 2
Histologic type and preoperative (CA) 125 of benign ovarian tumors
jksm-19-26-i002
Table 3
Histologic type and preoperative (CA) 125 of borderline and malignant ovarian tumors
jksm-19-26-i003
Table 4
Correlation between preoperative cancer antigen (CA) 125 and the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage
jksm-19-26-i004

CA: cancer antigen, FIGO: The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Table 5
Discriminating factors between benign and malignant ovarian tumors
jksm-19-26-i005

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