Journal List > J Korean Soc Menopause > v.19(2) > 1052097

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Jeon, Cho, Chun, Ji, Jeong, Suh, and Lee: The Occurrence of Glaucoma and Association with Serum Estradiol Level in Postmenopausal Women
Original Article

The Journal of Korean Society of Menopause 2013; 19(2): 106-111.

Published online: 27 August 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6118/jksm.2013.19.2.106

The Occurrence of Glaucoma and Association with Serum Estradiol Level in Postmenopausal Women

Gyun-Ho Jeon, M.D.1, Hyun-Jin Cho, M.D.1, Sungwook Chun, M.D.1, Yong-Il Ji, M.D.1, Chul-Hoi Jeong, M.D.1, Min Hee Suh, M.D.2, Joo Eun Lee, M.D., Ph.D.2

1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea.

2Department of Ophthalmology, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea.

Address for Correspondence: Joo Eun Lee, Department of Ophthalmology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 875 Haeundae-ro, Busan 612-030, Korea. Tel: +82-51-797-2310, Fax: +82-51-797-2030, jooeun2@paik.ac.kr

Received 16 July 2013       Revised 20 July 2013       Accepted 20 July 2013

Copyright © 2013 by The Korean Society of Menopause

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/).

Abstract

Objectives

To investigate the occurrence of glaucoma and association with the serum estradiol (E2) level in postmenopausal women.

Methods

We evaluated the serum E2 level, female reproductive factors and glaucoma related risk factors including intraocular pressure and optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in 30 postmenopausal women who visited Obstetrics and Gynecology outpatient clinic. Patients who showed abnormal findings on the glaucoma screening test were classified to the glaucoma suspect group (group-G), and underwent a glaucoma confirmatory test. Serum E2 level, female reproductive and other menopausal health-related factors such as lipid profiles and bone mineral densities were analyzed in the group-G and non glaucomatous group (group-N).

Results

Eight out of thirty participants (26.7%) were classified to the group-G. One of them was diagnosed as having glaucoma that required treatment, and the other two were found to have early glaucomatous changes. Compared to the group-G, the group-N had a higher level of serum E2 (19.40 ± 4.79 vs. 13.95 ± 4.55 pg/mL) The difference, however, was not statistically significant (P = 0.525). The proportion of glaucoma suspect patients in the groups with a higher serum E2 level (≥ 20 pg/mL) and a lower serum E2 level (< 20 pg/mL) was similar (25.0 and 27.3%, P = 0.645). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that no female reproductive factors were associated with the risk of glaucoma.

Conclusion

Comprehensive glaucoma screening using an OCT in postmenopausal women could detect more glaucoma patients than prevalence in the similar age group. Statistical significance was not found in the association between serum E2 level and the risk of glaucoma.

Keywords: Estradiol, Glaucoma, Intraocular pressure, Optical coherence tomography, Postmenopause

Figures and Tables

Table 1
Clinical and laboratory characteristics by glaucoma suspect group and nonglaucomatous group
jksm-19-106-i001

*Mean ± SE, †Number (%), ‡P value for Student's t test for continuous variables and Fisher's exact test for categorical variables.

LDL: low density lipoprotein, HDL: high density lipoprotein, TG: triglyceride, Glu: glucose, BMI: body mass index, BMD: bone mineral densities

Table 2
Menopausal health related factors and frequency of glaucoma suspect by serum estradiol level
jksm-19-106-i002

*Mean ± SE, †Number (%), ‡P value for Student's t test for continuous variables and Fisher's exact test for categorical variables.

LDL: low density lipoprotein, HDL: high density lipoprotein, TG: triglyceride, Glu: glucose, BMI: body mass index, BMD: bone mineral densities, IOP: intraocular pressure

Table 3
Multivariate odds ratios for glaucoma suspect group according to serum estradiol level and selected menopausal health related factors on univariate analysis
jksm-19-106-i003

*Logistic regression analysis.

HDL: high density lipoprotein, BMI: body mass index, IOP: intraocular pressure

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