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Kim, Park, Lee, Lee, Chung, Park, and Byun: Expression of Vitamin D Receptor by Pulse Consumption in the Uterus of Menopausal Mouse Model
Original Article
The Journal of Korean Society of Menopause

The Journal of Korean Society of Menopause 2013; 19(1): 1-8.

Published online: 26 April 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6118/jksm.2013.19.1.1

Expression of Vitamin D Receptor by Pulse Consumption in the Uterus of Menopausal Mouse Model

Tae-Hee Kim, M.D., Ph.D.1, Junsik Park, M.D.1, Hae-Hyeog Lee, M.D., Ph.D.1, Woo Seok Lee, M.D., Ph.D.1, Soo-Ho Chung, M.D.1, Yongsoon Park, Ph.D.2, Dong Won Byun, M.D., Ph.D.3

1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea.

2Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.

3Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

Address for Correspondence: Yongsoon Park, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Korea. Tel: +82-2-2220-1205, Fax: +82-2-2292-1206, yongsoon@hanyang.ac.kr

Received 3 August 2012       Revised 5 September 2012       Accepted 7 September 2012

Copyright © 2013 by The Korean Society of Menopause

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/).

Abstract

Objectives

Phytoestrogen-containing pulse supplements have beneficial effects on postmenopausal symptoms, but how such effects are achieved is unclear. This study investigates the effects of pulse consumption on the menopausal changes in ovariectomized rats.

Methods

Female Sprague-Dawley rats were either sham operated (Sham; n = 3) or surgically ovariectomized (n = 13). The Sham group was fed the regular AIN-93M diet. Ovariectomized group was divided into 3 sub-groups and fed AIN-93M containing soybean (n = 5), mung bean (n = 3), or cowpea (n = 5) for 10 weeks. At the end of the experiment, all rats were sacrificed, and the uterus was harvested, rinsed, and weighed. Expressions of vitamin D receptor (VDR), estrogen receptor (ER) β, and ezrin in uterus were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.

Results

VDR was highly expressed in the uterus of rat, irrespective of ovariectomized state. VDR was more definitely expressed in the uterus of ovariectomized groups than the sham-operated group. There were no significant differences in expression of ER β. However the expression of ezrin was highly expressed in the cowpea group compared to sham group (P = 0.044).

Conclusion

This study suggested that legumes diet may concern menopausal changes via VDR and ezrin. The result may partly explain the beneficial effects of VDR on menopausal symptoms. Further study is necessary to study the detailed mechanisms of VDR and ezrin on the menopausal changes in the uterus.

Keywords: Menopause, Receptors calcitriol, Uterus

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1
Localization of vitamin D receptor, ezrin, and estrogen beta receptor in the uterus of rats. Immunohistochemistry was performed as described in the Material and Methods section. (A) Sham control, (B) OVX-SB, (C) OVX-MB, (D) OVX-CP. A negative control shows any immunoreacitivity without a primary antibody treatment. 1: negative control, 2: vitamin D receptor, 3: ezrin, 4: Estrogen receptor beta. Magnification: × 100. OVX-SB: ovariectomized and the intake of soybean, OVX-MB: ovariectomized and the intake of mung bean, OVX-CP: ovariectomized and the intake of cowpea.
jksm-19-1-g001
Fig. 2
Immunoreacitivity of vitamin D receptor, estrogen receptor and ezrin in rat's uterus were measured by Image J. Semiquantitative intensity of immunoreacity in sham-operated rats (Sham) and ovariectomized rats (OVX) were compared.
jksm-19-1-g002
Fig. 3
Immunoreacitivity of VDR, ER, and ezrin in rat's uterus were measured by Image J. Imunoreacitive ezrin expression was significantly lower in OVX-MB group than Sham control group (t-test, *P = 0.04). VDR: vitamin D receptor, ER: estrogen receptor, OVX-SB: ovariectomized and the intake of soybean, OVX-MB: ovariectomized and the intake of soybean, OVX-CP: ovariectomized and the intake of soybean.
jksm-19-1-g003
Table 1
Body weight, and organ weight
jksm-19-1-i001

Values are expressed as means ± SD.

*Significantly different between the Sham and OVX groups by t-test.

OVX: ovariectomy, BW: body weight, OVX-SB: ovariectomized and the intake of soybean, OVX-MB: ovariectomized and the intake of mung bean, OVX-CP: Ovariectomized and the intake of cowpea

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