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Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to determine the usefulness of arterial embolization on sacral and pelvic giant cell tumor (GCT).
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 9 patients who had undergone serial arterial embolization between December 1996 and May 2008. We analyzed the clinical outcomes and therapeutic responsiveness of arterial embolization on sacral and pelvic GCT.
Results
Six of 9 cases showed progression of disease (PD) status, even if 5 cases showed PD status despite of additional treatments including surgery and radiation, implying that serial arterial embolization on sacral and pelvic GCT is not effective. Three of 9 cases showed stable disease (SD) or continuous disease free (CDF) status and we analyzed associated factors with these good responses for embolization by χ2 test. The number of feeding vessels under six (p=0.048) and the number of collateral arterial supply under three (p=0.048) in the first angiogram showed significant relationships with good response for embolization, while remaining tumor staining by contrast after the first embolization and repeated embolization times were not significant.
References
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Figure 1.
Algorism for Selecting Treatment Modality on Sacral and Pelvic GCT. GCT, giant cell tumor.
Table 1.
Treatments and Clinical Outcomes
Table 2.
Tumor Characteristics and Embolization-Responsiveness
Table 3.
χ2 Tests for Evaluating Associations between Clinical Factors and Embolization-Responsiveness
| Clinical factor | Responsive n (%) | Unresponsive n (%) | p* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | Male | 2 (40.0) | 3 (60.0) | 1.000 |
| Female | 1 (25.0) | 3 (75.0) | ||
| Aneurysmal cystic change | Yes | 1 (50.0) | 1 (50.0) | 1.000 |
| No | 2 (28.6) | 5 (71.4) | ||
| ALP elevation | Yes | 1 (50.0) | 1 (50.0) | 1.000 |
| No | 2 (28.6) | 5 (71.4) | ||
| LDH elevation | Yes | 3 (60.0) | 2 (40.0) | 0.196 |
| No | 0 (0.0) | 3 (100.0) | ||
| Main feeding artery | ≥6 | 0 (0.0) | 5 (100.0) | 0.048 |
| <6 | 3 (75.0) | 1 (25.0) | ||
| End artery for feeding artery arousing (Collateral supply) | ≥3 | 0 (0.0) | 5 (100.0) | 0.048 |
| <3 | 3 (75.0) | 1 (25.0) | ||
| Residual tumor staining | Yes | 2 (28.6) | 5 (71.4) | 1.000 |
| No | 1 (50.0) | 1 (50.0) | ||
| Embolization (number of times) | ≥4 | 3 (50.0) | 3 (50.0) | 0.464 |
| <4 | 0 (0.00) | 3 (100.0) |
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