Effects of Social Support and Emotional Intelligence in the Relationship between Emotional Labor and Burnout among Clinical Nurses

Da Won Baik; Young-Hee Yom

doi:10.11111/jkana.2012.18.3.271

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Baik and Yom: Effects of Social Support and Emotional Intelligence in the Relationship between Emotional Labor and Burnout among Clinical Nurses

Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration

Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration 2012; 18(3): 271-280.

Published online: 30 September 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2012.18.3.271

Effects of Social Support and Emotional Intelligence in the Relationship between Emotional Labor and Burnout among Clinical Nurses

Da Won Baik¹, Young-Hee Yom²

¹Doctoral Student, College of Nursing, Washington University, USA.

²Professor, Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Korea.

Correspondence: Yom, Young-Hee. Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-dong, Dongiak-gu, Seoul, Korea. 156-756. Tel: 82-2-820-5700, Fax: 82-2-824-7961, yhyom@cau.ac.kr

Received 30 April 2012 Revised 26 July 2012 Accepted 7 September 2012

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of social support and emotional intelligence in the relationship between emotional labor and burnout among clinical nurses.

Methods

The sample for this study consisted of 382 nurses from four hospitals located in Seoul or Gyunggi Province. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson Correlation, Hierarchical Multiple Regression, and Path Analysis.

Results

It was found that: (a) emotional labor had a positive effect on burnout, while social support and emotional intelligence had negative effects on burnout; (b) social support and emotional intelligence moderated the relationship between emotional labor and burnout, and (c) social support mediated the relationship between emotional labor and burnout, whereas emotional intelligence did not.

Conclusion

The results of the study indicate that high levels of support had a buffering effect and mitigated the negative effects of the emotional labor on burnout. Therefore, strategies to enhance social support for nurses are needed and further research needs to be done to refine this study.

Keywords: Emotional intelligence, Social support, Emotion, Burnout

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Conceptual model

Table 1

Descriptive Statistics and Correlations among Emotional Labor, Social Support, Emotional Intelligence and Burnout (N=382)

Table 2

Difference of Burnout by General Characteristics (N=382)

Table 3

Summary of Hierarchical Multiple Regression with Burnout

Table 4

Standardized Direct, Indirect and Total Effects

Notes

This article is a short form of the first author's master's thesis.

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