Influence of Nurses' Sense of Coherence on Their Stress and Quality of Life

Kyeongsug Kim; Smi Choi

doi:10.11111/jkana.2011.17.4.493

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Kim and Choi: Influence of Nurses' Sense of Coherence on Their Stress and Quality of Life

Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration

Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration 2011; 17(4): 493-507.

Published online: 31 December 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2011.17.4.493

Influence of Nurses' Sense of Coherence on Their Stress and Quality of Life

Kyeongsug Kim¹, Smi Choi²

¹Part Manager, Department of Nursing, Samsung Medical Center, Korea.

²Professor, College of Nursing, Seoul National University, The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Korea.

Correspondence: Choi, Smi. College of Nursing, Seoul National University, The Research Institute of Nursing Science, 28 Yeongeon-Dong Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea. Tel: 82-2-740-8830, Fax: 82-2-765-4103, smi@snu.ac.kr

Received 11 September 2011 Revised 24 October 2011 Accepted 18 November 2011

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sense of coherence (SOC) on occupational stress, psychosocial stress and quality of life (QOL) of nurses working in a hospital.

Methods

The participants were 401 nurses working in S hospital in Seoul. A stratified random sampling was performed for the all nurses in S hospital which were grouped by age and work unit. Data were collected by a self-report survey. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson correlations, multiple linear regressions, and ANOVA.

Results

This study showed nurses' occupational stress was at high risk and their psychosocial stress, at low risk. It also showed that those two types of stress are mutual predictors for each other and that SOC was a predictor for both types of stress. For QOL, SOC was also a predictor in SF-36 and MCS (Mental Component Summary). Therefore, SOC may be considered as a major controlling factor for stress and QOL.

Conclusion

The results indicate the need to develop programs that enhances nurses' SOC, programs that could be utilized as an intervention to reduce nurses' stress and to promote nurses' QOL.

Keywords: Nurse, Sense of coherence, Quality of life, Occupational stress, Psychosocial stress

Figures and Tables

Fig 1

Conceptual model for this study

Table 1

General Characteristics of Participants (n=401)

(1) ICU; Intensive Care Unit, (2) OR & PARU; Operating Room & Postanesthetic Recovery Unit

(3) OPD; Outpatient Department (4) Others; Dialysis room, Intravenous injection team & Home care

(5) SOC; Sense of Coherence

Table 2

Occupational Stress According to General Characteristics, SOC and Psychosocial Stress (continued) (n=401)

(1) ICU; Intensive Care Unit (2) OR & PARU; Operating Room & Postanesthetic Recovery Unit (3) OPD; Outpatient Department (4) Others; Dialysis room, Intravenous injection team & Home care (5) SOC; Sense of Coherence

^*Bonferroni multiple comparisons test for Continuous variables(p-value<.05): Age; 20-29 vs 30-39, 20-29 vs 40-49, 30-39 vs 40-49, Education; College vs Graduate school, University vs Graduate school, Number of visits to Medical Center; 0 vs 2, 0 vs Above 3

^†number(%)

Table 3

Psychosocial Stress According to General Characteristics, SOC and Occupational Stress (n=401)

^*Bonferroni multiple comparisons test for Continuous variables(p-value<.05): Age; 20-29 vs 40-49, 30-39 vs 40-49, Education; Junior College vs Graduate school, Current Work Experience; <1 vs ≥3, Working Unit; ICU vs OPD & Others, Number of visits to Medical Center; 0 vs 2

^†number(%)

Table 4

SOC According to General Characteristics and Stress (n=401)

^*Bonferroni multiple comparisons test for Continuous variables(p-value<.05): Number of visits to Medical Center; 0 vs 2

^†number(%)

Table 5

SF-36 Total Score, PCS Score and MCS Score According to General Characteristics, SOC and Stress (n=401)

(1) ICU; Intensive Care Unit (2) OR & PAR; Operating Room & Postanesthetic Recovery Unit (3) OPD; Outpatient Department (4) Others; Dialysis room, Intravenous injection team & Home care (5) SOC; Sense of Coherence

^*Bonferroni multiple comparisons test for Continuous variables(p-value<.05): SF-36 Total score-Number of visits to Medical Center; 0 vs 1, 0 vs 2, 0 vs Above 3, 1 vs Above 3, PCS-Number of visits to Medical Center; 0 vs 1, 0 vs 2, 0 vs Above 3, 1 vs Above 3, MCS-Current Work Experience; <1 vs ≥3

Table 6

Correlation Analysis of SOC, SF-36 Total Score, PCS Score, MCS Score and Stress

^*P< .05 ^**P<.01

(1) SOC; Sense of Coherence

(2) PCS; Physical Component Summary

(3) MCS; Mental Component Summary

Table 7-1

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis for SOC and sSress

(1) SOC; Sense of Coherence

Table 7-2

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis for SF-36 Total Score, PCS Score and MCS Score

(1) SOC; Sense of Coherence

(2) PCS; Physical Component Summary

(3) MCS; Mental Component Summary

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