A comparative analysis of basic characteristics of several deproteinized bovine bone substitutes

Shin-il Yeo; Sung-Hwan Park; Woo-Chang Noh; Jin-Woo Park; Jae-Mok Lee; Jo-Young Suh

doi:10.5051/jkape.2009.39.2.149

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Yeo, Park, Noh, Park, Lee, and Suh: A comparative analysis of basic characteristics of several deproteinized bovine bone substitutes

Original Article

The Journal of the Korean Academy of Periodontology

The Journal of the Korean Academy of Periodontology 2009; 39(2): 149-156.

Published online: 30 June 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5051/jkape.2009.39.2.149

A comparative analysis of basic characteristics of several deproteinized bovine bone substitutes

Shin-il Yeo¹, Sung-Hwan Park¹, Woo-Chang Noh¹, Jin-Woo Park¹, Jae-Mok Lee¹, Jo-Young Suh^1,²

¹Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.

²Institute for Hard tissue and Bio-tooth Regeneration(IHBR), School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.

Correspondence: Jo-Young Suh, Ph.D. D.D.S. Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, 188-1 2 Samduk-dong, Jung-gu, Daegu 700-412, Korea. jysuh@knu.ac.kr, Tel: 82-53-600-7521, Fax: 82-53-427-3263

Received 30 April 2009 Accepted 1 June 2009

Abstract

Purpose

Deproteinized bovine bone substitutes are commonly used in dental regenerative surgery for treatment of alveolar defects. In this study, three different bovine bone minerals - OCS-B (NIBEC, Seoul, Korea), Bio-Oss (Geistlich - Pharma, Switzerland), Osteograft/N - 300 (OGN, Dentsply Friadent Ceramed. TN, USA) - were investigated to analyze the basic characteristics of commercially available bone substitutes.

Methods

Their physicochemical properties were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS), surface area analysis, and Kjeldahl protein analysis. Cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of human osteosarcoma cells on different bovine bone minerals were evaluated.

Results

Three kinds of bone substitutes displayed different surface properties. Ca/P ratio of OCS - B shown to be lower than other two bovine bone minerals in EDS analysis. Bio-Oss had wider surface area and lower amount of residual protein than OCS - B and OGN. In addition Bio-Oss was proved to have lower cell proliferation and ALP activity due to lots of residual micro particles, compared with OCS - B and OGN.

Conclusions

Based on the results of this study, three bovine bone minerals that produced by similar methods appear to have different property and characteristics. It is suggested that detailed studies and quality management is needed in operations for dental use and its biological effects on new bone formation.

Keywords: bovine bone substitute, physicochemical property, cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Scanning electron micrographs of OCS-B (a, b, c), Bio-Oss (d, e, f) and OGN (g, h, i) at magnifications of ×100 (a, d, g), ×1000 (b, e, h) and ×3000 (c, f, i). Each bone substitute displayed characteristic surface structure.

Figure 2

Cell proliferation measured at 1, 4 and 7 days of culture (n = 4 per each group). Polystyrene was significantly increased in optical density compared to OCS-B, Bio-Oss and OGN at 1, 4 and 7 days (p < 0.05). OCS-B was significantly increased in optical density compared to Bio-Oss at 4 and 7 days(p < 0.05). Bio-Oss was significantly decreased in optical density compared to OGN at 4 and 7 days (p < 0.05).

Figure 3

ALP activity measured after 4, 7 and 10 days at wavelength 410 nm by FLUO star OPTIMA (n = 5 per each group). Bio-Oss was significantly decreased in ALP activity compared to polystyrene at 7 days (p < 0.05).

Table 1

EDS Results of the Bone Substitutes (Atomic %; Mean ± SD)

Table 2

Results of Kjeldahl Analysis of the Bone Substitutes(% of crude protein)

Notes

This work was supported by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) grant funded by the Korean government (MOST) (No. M10646020002-08N4602-00210).

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