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Abstract
Adequate bone quality and stress distribution to the bone are of decisive importance for implant success. Even though the success rates of dental implants have been high, implant failures do occur. Overloading has been identified as a primary factor behind dental implant failure.
The purpose of this study was to theoretically investigate the effect of two types of implants on the stress distribution in poor bone quality.
Employing the finite element method, the study modeled a 4.1 mm diameter, 12.0 mm length implant placed in cortical or spongeous bone. A static loading of 100N was applied at the occlusal surface at 0, 30 degrees angle to the vertical axis of the implant. von Mises stresses concentrations in the supporting bone were analyzed with finite element analysis program.
The results were as follows;
1. The stresses at the marginal bone were higher under buccal oblique load(30 degrees off of the long axis) than under vertical load.
2. Under buccal oblique load, the stresses were higher at the lingual marginal bone than at the buccal marginal bone, and the differences were almost the same.
3. Under vertical and oblique load, the stress was the highest at the marginal bone and lowest at the bone around apical portions of implant in cortical bone.
4. Under vertical load, Model 1 showed more effective stress distribution than Model 2 irrespective of bone types. On the other hand, Model 2 showed lower stress concentration than Model 1 under buccal oblique load.
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