References
1. Whitaker S. Idiopathic sudden hearing loss. Am J Otol. 1980. 1:180–183.
2. Wilson WR, Byl FM, Laird N. The efficacy of steroids in the treatment of idiopathic sudden hearing loss. A double-blind clinical stu-dy. Arch Otolaryngol. 1980. 106:772–776.
3. Hughes GB, Freedman MA, Haberkamp TJ, Guay ME. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 1996. 29:393–405.
4. Byl FM Jr. Sudden hearing loss: eight years' experience and suggested prognostic table. Laryngoscope. 1984. 94:647–661.
5. Wilson WR. The relationship of the herpesvirus family to sudden hearing loss: a prospective clinical study and literature review. Laryngoscope. 1986. 96:870–877.
6. Stokroos RJ, Albers FW, Schirm J. The etiology of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Experimental herpes simplex virus infection of the inner ear. Am J Otol. 1998. 19:447–452.
7. Rauch SD. Intratympanic steroids for sensorineural hearing loss. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2004. 37:1061–1074.
8. Rambold H, Boenki J, Stritzke G, Wisst F, Neppert B, Helmchen C. Differential vestibular dysfunction in sudden unilateral hearing loss. Neurology. 2005. 64:148–151.
9. Fetterman BL, Saunders JE, Luxford WM. Prognosis and treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Am J Otol. 1996. 17:529–536.
10. Mattox DE, Simmons FB. Natural history of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1977. 86:463–480.
11. Shaia FT, Sheehy JL. Sudden sensori-neural hearing impairment: a report of 1,220 cases. Laryngoscope. 1976. 86:389–398.
12. Ito S, Fuse T, Yokota M, Watanabe T, Inamura K, Gon S, et al. Prognosis is predicted by early hearing improvement in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 2002. 27:501–504.
13. Schweinfurth JM, Parnes SM, Very M. Current concepts in the diagnosis and treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 1996. 253:117–121.
14. Ottaviani F, Cadoni G, Marinelli L, Fetoni AR, De Santis A, Romito A, et al. Anti-endothelial autoantibodies in patients with sudden hearing loss. Laryngoscope. 1999. 109:1084–1087.
15. Cadoni G, Scipione S, Agostino S, Addolorato G, Cianfrone F, Leggio L, et al. Coenzyme Q 10 and cardiovascular risk factors in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients. Otol Neurotol. 2007. 28:878–883.
16. Chaimoff M, Nageris BI, Sulkes J, Spitzer T, Kalmanowitz M. Sudden hearing loss as a presenting symptom of acoustic neuroma. Am J Otolaryngol. 1999. 20:157–160.
17. Nageris BI, Popovtzer A. Acoustic neuroma in patients with completely resolved sudden hearing loss. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2003. 112:395–397.
18. Sauvaget E, Kici S, Kania R, Herman P, Tran Ba Huy P. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss as a revealing symptom of vestibular schwannoma. Acta Otolaryngol. 2005. 125:592–595.
19. Robinette MS, Bauch CD, Olsen WO, Cevette MJ. Auditory brainstem response and magnetic resonance imaging for acoustic neuromas: costs by prevalence. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2000. 126:963–966.
20. Daniels RL, Swallow C, Shelton C, Davidson HC, Krejci CS, Harnsberger HR. Causes of unilateral sensorineural hearing loss screened by high-resolution fast spin echo magnetic resonance imaging: review of 1,070 consecutive cases. Am J Otol. 2000. 21:173–180.
21. Rarey KE, Curtis LM. Receptors for glucocorticoids in the human inner ear. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1996. 115:38–41.
22. Haynes DS, O'Malley M, Cohen S, Watford K, Labadie RF. Intratympanic dexamethasone for sudden sensorineural hearing loss after failure of systemic therapy. Laryngoscope. 2007. 117:3–15.
23. Conlin AE, Parnes LS. Treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss: II. A Meta-analysis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007. 133:582–586.
24. Labus J, Breil J, Stüzer H, Michel O. Meta-analysis for the effect of medical therapy vs. placebo on recovery of idiopathic sudden hearing loss. Laryngoscope. 2010. 120:1863–1871.
25. Moskowitz D, Lee KJ, Smith HW. Steroid use in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Laryngoscope. 1984. 94:664–666.
26. Chen CY, Halpin C, Rauch SD. Oral steroid treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a ten year retrospective analysis. Otol Neurotol. 2003. 24:728–733.
27. Zadeh MH, Storper IS, Spitzer JB. Diagnosis and treatment of sudden-onset sensorineural hearing loss: a study of 51 patients. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003. 128:92–98.
28. Slattery WH, Fisher LM, Iqbal Z, Liu N. Oral steroid regimens for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2005. 132:5–10.
29. Moon YE, Yang SD, Choi JC, Kim MS, Oh JK, Kim HA, et al. Clinical characteristics and treatment results of sudden deafness in children. Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg. 2009. 52:805–809.
30. Minoda R, Masuyama K, Habu K, Yumoto E. Initial steroid hormone dose in the treatment of idiopathic sudden deafness. Am J Otol. 2000. 21:819–825.
31. Shin SO, Choi YS, Lee JY, Yoo SD. The efficacy of an additional cycle of oral steroids in partially recovered sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) after initial oral steroid therapy. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 2007. 558:49–53.
32. Silverstein H, Choo D, Rosenberg SI, Kuhn J, Seidman M, Stein I. Intratympanic steroid treatment of inner ear disease and tinnitus (preliminary report). Ear Nose Throat J. 1996. 75:468–471. 474476 passim
33. Parnes LS, Sun AH, Freeman DJ. Corticosteroid pharmacokinetics in the inner ear fluids: an animal study followed by clinical application. Laryngoscope. 1999. 109:1–17.
34. Chandrasekhar SS, Rubinstein RY, Kwartler JA, Gatz M, Connelly PE, Huang E, et al. Dexamethasone pharmacokinetics in the inner ear: comparison of route of administration and use of facilitating agents. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2000. 122:521–528.
35. Chandrasekhar SS. Intratympanic dexamethasone for sudden sensorineural hearing loss: clinical and laboratory evaluation. Otol Neurotol. 2001. 22:18–23.
36. Battista RA. Intratympanic dexamethasone for profound idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2005. 132:902–905.
37. Lautermann J, Sudhoff H, Junker R. Transtympanic corticoid therapy for acute profound hearing loss. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2005. 262:587–591.
38. Alles MJ, der Gaag MA, Stokroos RJ. Intratympanic steroid therapy for inner ear diseases, a review of the literature. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2006. 263:791–797.
39. Wilkins SA Jr, Mattox DE, Lyles A. Evaluation of a "shotgun" regimen for sudden hearing loss. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1987. 97:474–480.
40. Shin SO, Choi YS, Lee DW, Yong MG, Jeon CW, Lee CS, et al. The therapeutic efficacy of combined antiviral treatment in sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Korean J Otolaryngol-Head Neck Surg. 2002. 45:225–230.