Mechanism of Allergic Asthma Pathogenesis by Protease Allergen

Seung-Hyo Lee

doi:10.7599/hmr.2013.33.1.39

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Lee: Mechanism of Allergic Asthma Pathogenesis by Protease Allergen

Review Article

Hanyang Medical Reviews

Hanyang Medical Reviews 2013; 33(1): 39-44.

Published online: 27 February 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7599/hmr.2013.33.1.39

Mechanism of Allergic Asthma Pathogenesis by Protease Allergen

Seung-Hyo Lee

Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea.

Correspondence to: Seung-Hyo Lee. Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea. Tel: +82-42-350-4235, Fax: +82-42-350-4240, seung-hyo.lee@kaist.ac.kr

Received 15 November 2012 Revised 7 January 2013 Accepted 11 January 2013

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Asthma is a complex immune mediated chronic inflammatory lung disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways, airway hyper-responsiveness and airway obstruction, and the prevalence of this disease has increased in recent years. It is well known that many features of allergic asthma are consequences of Th2 cell dominated immune responses against allergens, thus allergen specific Th2 cells play a critical role in the pathogenesis. In this review, we will discuss the properties of common indoor and outdoor allergens including house dust mite, fungus, pollen and cockroach, the activation and differentiation of naïve CD4 T cells by protease allergens, how specific allergens modify host's immune system to mediate immune evasion, and regulation of homing receptor expression and trafficking of allergen specific Th2 cells. Lastly, we will also overview the general course of pathogenesis of allergic asthma and discuss prospects of development of novel immuno-therapies to asthma.

Keywords: Asthma, Th2 cells, Allergens, Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte, Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Differentiation of helper T (Th) cells and their functional roles.

Table 1

Representative allergens

Table 2

Differential expression of chemokines receptors and cell adhesion molecules on subsets of helper T (Th) cells

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