Multidrug-resistant Organisms and Healthcare-associated Infections

Mi-Na Kim

doi:10.7599/hmr.2011.31.3.141

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Kim: Multidrug-resistant Organisms and Healthcare-associated Infections

Review Article

Hanyang Medical Reviews

Hanyang Medical Reviews 2011; 31(3): 141-152.

Published online: 31 August 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7599/hmr.2011.31.3.141

Multidrug-resistant Organisms and Healthcare-associated Infections

Mi-Na Kim, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author (mnkim@amc.seoul.kr)

Received 6 June 2011 Accepted 11 July 2011

Abstract

Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistnat Staphlyococcus aureus (VRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, and multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been a big challenge in control of healthcare-associated infection for a few decades in Korea. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae was most recently added to the utmost threatening MDROs. Because of the high and ever increasing level of MDROs and their healthcare-associated infections, prevention and control of MDROs has become a national priority. The above six MDROs have been designated as legislative healthcare-associated infections, which has to be reported to the Korean Center for Disease Control since January 2011 in Korea. This paper is provided to give current perspectives of MDROs and their healthcare-associated infections in Korea.

Keywords: Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacteria, Infection Control, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Vancomycin, Carbapenems

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Last 15 year-trend of multidrug-resistant bacteria as a cause of nosocomial infections in intensive care units in Korea[6,15,16]. The CRE line and data of 1996(^*) except MRSA were speculated from general resistant rates of clinical isolates at that time. MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; VRE, vancomycin-resistant enterococci; CRAB, Acinetobacter baumannii ; CRPA, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; ESBL, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase; CRE, cabapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae

Fig. 2

The trends of carbapenem resistance(%) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii from KONSAR study[14]. KONSAR, Korean Nationwide Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance.

Fig. 3

Change of oxacillin susceptibility rate of Staphylococcus aureus for 6 years since opening of the hospital. (^*oxacillin susceptibility rate of S. aureus in March 1999 was lower than in previous months (Ref. 75 with permission from Elsevier).

Table 1

Percent Distribution of Nosocomial Pathogens in Nationwide Surveillance of Nosocomial Infections in Intensive Care Units in 1996, 2004, and 2010[6,15,16]

ICU, intensive care unit

Table 2

Comparison of the Mortalities between MRSA and Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in the Previous Korean Publications

MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; MSSA, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus; NS, not stated

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