International Travel and Imported Parasitic Diseases

Kyoung-Hwan Joo

doi:10.7599/hmr.2010.30.3.156

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Joo: International Travel and Imported Parasitic Diseases

Review Article

Hanyang Medical Reviews

Hanyang Medical Reviews 2010; 30(3): 156-175.

Published online: 31 August 2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7599/hmr.2010.30.3.156

International Travel and Imported Parasitic Diseases

Kyoung-Hwan Joo, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Parasitology and Institute of Travel Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author (kyhwjoo@korea.ac.kr)

Received 20 June 2010 Accepted 10 July 2010

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

International travel has become increasingly common as travelers of various purposes. It is estimated that there are 900 million international tourist arrivals alone each year. Unfortunately, some health impairments were reported in about 50% of short term travelers to the tropics or sub-tropics, usually due to infectious agents. In this paper, the author reviewed imported parasitic diseases in Korea from 1970 to 2009 with literature and data collected by Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). The author also reviewed warning points about parasitic disease in pregnant and immune deficit travelers. Most prevalent imported parasitic disease was malaria. About 30~70 travelers infected with malaria are returned home anually from abroad, mostly South East Asia and Africa. Subtype of malaria classified from 2003~2006 surveillance data showed Plasmodium falciparum infection in about 55% of patients identified. Over 20 cases of hydatid disease and cutaneous leishmaniasis cases were reported respectively. Visceral leishmaniasis (5 cases), babesiosis (7 cases), loiasis (3 cases), cutaneous myiasis (1 case), pentastomiasis (1 case), gnathostomiasis (4 cases, 41 people), angiostrongylosis (1 case, 10 people), heterophyiasis (2 cases), schistosomiasis (13 cases), cyclosporiasis (1 case), cutaneous larva migrans (4 cases), ancylostomiasis (1 case) and syngamosis (1 case) were reported. Prevention and surveillance plan of imported parasitic diseases is organized and conducted by KCDC since 2001. According to increasing travel to developing or under developed countries, retraining of doctor and technician, systematization of consulting system for diagnosis of parasitic disease, supply of medication, supplement of the personnel, and financial supports are needed.

Keywords: Imported Parasite, Malaria, Infection, Travel

Figures and Tables

Table 1

The Imported and Indigenous Malaria Cases in Korea from 2001 to 2009

^*Data from KCDC (Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010)

Table 2

Subtype Classification of Imported Malaria from 2003 to 2006 in Korea

cited from reference [17]

Table 3

Imported Parasitic Diseases in Korea from 1970 to 2009

^*Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2001~2009)

^†Summary on hydatid disease in Table 4

^‡Summary on cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) disease in Table 5

Table 4

Summary of Human Hydatid Diseases Reported in Korea

^*worker in Korea from Uzbekistan and Mongolia

-: unknown

Data of No. 1-24: cited from reference [121]

Table 5

Summary of Imported Cutaneous Larva Migrans

Table 6

Risk of Selected Antimalarial Agents in Pregnant Women

Abbreviations : N/A, not available; A, no risk; B, no evidence of risk in humans; C, risk can not be ruled out; D, positive evidence of risk; X, contraindicated

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