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Kim, Choi, Choi, and Yeo: The Evaluation of Metabolizable Energy of Angelica Keiskei (Angelica utilis Makino) Products
Original Article
Korean Journal of Nutrition

Korean Journal of Nutrition 2010; 43(1): 5-11.

Published online: 28 February 2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2010.43.1.5

The Evaluation of Metabolizable Energy of Angelica Keiskei (Angelica utilis Makino) Products

Eunmi Kim1, Jinho Choi2, Kumboo Choi3, Ikhyun Yeo3

1Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Korea.

2Youngnam University, College of Biotechnology, Kyungsan 712-749, Korea.

3Pulmuone.Co., Ltd, Seoul 120-749, Korea.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. (kem@kfri.re.kr)

Received 3 December 2009       Revised 27 January 2010       Accepted 10 February 2010

© 2010 The Korean Nutrition Society

Abstract

We conducted comparative study on metabolizable energy content of extracts of angelica keiskei and its byproduct. Total six different groups consisting of five test groups treated with angelica keiskei and one control group were compared. Each of the five test groups were given 30% of one of whole plant, extracts, fermented of extracts, byproduct and extracts plus byproduct, respectively, mixed with AIN93M. After 3 days of adjustment period, all groups were subjected to 4 days of test period during which the amounts of feed intake and excretion were measured everyday. All feces were treated for the prevention of decomposition and changes before its energy content were measured using a bomb calorimeter. The amount of excretion was 4.8 ± 0.3 g/rat/3 days in control group and 9.9-15.0 g/rat/3 days in the groups were added with extracts of angelica keiskei indicating that the angelica keiskei-treated groups produce 2-3 times more excretion. Metabolic energy of control diet was 4,133.3 kcal. This was found to be 15 to 20% higher compared with the metabolic energy content ranging from 3,117.0 kcal/kg (extracts of angelica keiskei) to 3,259.8 kcal/kg (extracts plus byproducts) angelica keiskei-treated groups. This is interpreted as the result of the decreased metabolic energy in the test diets were substituted with 30% of ngelica keiskei-treated ingredient which has low metabolic content itself. One notable finding is that the metabolic content of the group mixed with byproducts and extracts (1,763.0 kcal/kg) is 27% higher than that of extracts of angelica keiskei (1,286.8 kcal/kg) indicating that mechanical grinding increases the rate of digestion and absorption increasing, in turn, the energy content used in the body. The results of analysis of overall caloric absorption showed absorption rate in order of Whole plant < extracts < byproduct < extract plus byproduct < fermented of extract.

Keywords: angelica keiskei, energy, fermented of extract

Figures and Tables

Table 1
Formulation of AIN93M
kjn-43-5-i001

1) Stabilized by adding BHT (Chungang Chem Co. Ltd, Korea, Seoul) at level of 0.0125% the lard

2) Apparent Metabolizable Energy

Table 2
Dietary intake, fecal and urine of rats during balance study1)
kjn-43-5-i002

1) All values were expressed as Mean ± SD

2) AK: Angelica keiskei, ES: the soultion extracted from Angelica keiskei FS: Fermented solution extracted from Angelica keiskei, SA: Squeezed Angelica keiskei

3) The ingrdients were added at a level of 30% by replacing total diet on a weight basis in the basal diet

4) Means carrying different letters within each dietary group colum are significantly different at p < 0.05 by Duncan's multiple range test

Table 3
Gross energy of diet, feces and urine from rats fed ingredients as mixed diet1)
kjn-43-5-i003

1) All values were expressed as Mean ± SD

2) AK: Angelica keiskei, ES: the soultion extracted from Angelica keiskei, FS: Fermented solution extracted from Angelica keiskei, SA: Squeezed Angelica keiskei

3) The ingrdients were added at a level of 30% by replacing total diet on a weight basis in the basal diet

Table 4
Estimation of apparent metabolizable energy (AME) contents of Angelicus keiskei pretreated various methods1)
kjn-43-5-i004

1) All values were expressed as Mean ± SD

2) AK: Angelica keiskei, ES: the soultion extracted from Angelica keiskei FS: Fermented solution extracted from Angelica keiskei, SA: Squeezed Angelica keiskei

3) The ingrdients were added at a level of 30% by replacing total diet on a weight basis in the basal diet

4) Means carrying different letters within each dietary group colum are significantly different at p < 0.05 by Duncan's multiple range test

Table 5
Comparison between AME value of single ingredients in this experiment and the calculated values by various energy conversion factors
kjn-43-5-i005

1) Rubner's energy conversion factors are 4.1, 9.3, 4.1 kcal/g for protein, fat, carbohydrate, respectively

2) Atwater's energy conversion factors are 4, 9, 4 kcal/g for protein, fat, carbohydrate, respectively

3) FAO's energy conversion factors are 4.05, 8.37, 4.12 kcal/g for protein, fat, carbohydrate, respectively

4) ScCheun's energy conversion factors are 3.8, 9.3, 3.9 kca/gl for protein, fat, carbohydrate, respectively

Table 6
Comparison between AME value of dry and wet metter
kjn-43-5-i006

1) AK: Angelica keiskei, ES: the soultion extracted from Angelica keiskei, FS: Fermented solution extracted from Angelica keiskei, SA: Squeezed Angelica keiskei

2) Means carrying different letters within each dietary group colum are significantly different at p < 0.05 by Duncan's multiple range test

References

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