Three dimensional structural analysis between dental arch and basal bone in normal occlusion

Jee-Tae Kim; Jin-Woo Lee

doi:10.4041/kjod.2011.41.4.224

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Kim and Lee: Three dimensional structural analysis between dental arch and basal bone in normal occlusion

Original Article

Korean Journal of Orthodontics

Korean Journal of Orthodontics 2011; 41(4): 224-236.

Published online: 31 August 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2011.41.4.224

Three dimensional structural analysis between dental arch and basal bone in normal occlusion

Jee-Tae Kim, DDS, MSD, PhD^a, Jin-Woo Lee, DDS, MSD, PhD^b

^aGraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, Dankook University Dental Hospital, Korea.

^bProfessor, Department of Orthodontics, Dankook University Dental Hospital, Korea.

Corresponding author: Jin-Woo Lee. Department of Orthodontics, Dankook University Dental Hospital, San 7-1 Sinbu-dong, Cheonan 330-716, Korea. +82 41 550 1945, dong-guriguri@hanmail.net

Received 21 September 2009 Revised 25 January 2011 Accepted 26 January 2011

Abstract

Objective

The purpose of this study was to analyze the dental and basal arch forms in patients with normal occlusion using the computed tomography (CT) imaging method.

Methods

CT images were taken from 27 normal occlusion subjects (male, 15; female, 12) and these images were reconstructed into three-dimensional models. A 3D-coordinate system was formed by setting the middle of the facial axis (FA) point of the maxillary central incisors as the origin. The morphology of the maxilla and mandibular dental and basal arches were analyzed by sectioning parallel to the maxillary occlusal plane.

Results

There was no significant difference between A point and B point and between the maxillary 1st molars in both sides of the maxillary and mandibular basal bone. The dental arch was located more labially than the basal arch in the anterior portion. The bucco-lingual crossover of the dental arch and basal arch was formed at the molar region in the maxilla, and at the premolar region in the mandible.

Conclusions

This study will help provide three-dimensional diagnostic information about the relationship between basal and dental arches in patients who have severe dental compensation and inappropriate jaw relationships.

Keywords: Dental arch, Basal arch, CT

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Three-dimensional coordinate system. A, Maxillary occlusal plane (XY plane) is the plane passing the FA point of #16, 26 and the center of #11, 21 FA point; B, midpalatal plane (YZ plane) is the plane passing ANS and PNS perpendicular to the maxillary occlusal plane; C, frontal plane (ZX plane) is the plane passing the center of #11, 21 FA point perpendicular to the maxillary occlusal plane and midpalatal plane.

Fig. 2

Basal bone. A, A plane passing through A point parallel to XY plane; B, a plane passing through B point parallel to XY plane; C, five planes passing through the FA points of #16, #13, center of #11 and 21, #23, and #26 parallel to YZ plane; D, segmentation of 3D object; E, a plane passing through the FA points of #17, #27 perpendicular to XY plane; F, point on the basal bone arch (#17, #16, #13, A point, #23, #26, #27 area).

Fig. 3

Crown center. A, Crown center of the incisor shown as the midpoint of the incisal edge; B, crown center of the canine shown as the cusp tip of the canine; C, and D, crown center of premolar and molar, respectively, shown as the midpoint of the crown at the proximal contact point level.

Fig. 4

Root center. A, B, C, The root apex for single-rooted teeth; D, the midpoint of the apical third of the root in three cross-sectional images for multiple-rooted teeth.

Fig. 5

Upper and lower basal bone form.

Fig. 6

Basal arch form and dental arch form.

Fig. 7

Upper basal arch, crown center and root center.

Fig. 8

Lower basal arch, crown center and root center.

Table 1

Landmarks for 3D coordinate system

Table 2

Comparison of basal bone between right and left sides (unit: mm)

U7, Upper 2nd molar; U6, upper 1st molar; U3, upper canine; L7, lower second molar; L6, lower first molar; L3, lower canine; NS, not significant. Data shown is a comparison of absolute values.

Table 3

Comparison of dental arch between right and left sides (unit: mm)

U7, Upper 2nd molar; U6, upper 1st molar; U3, upper canine; L7, lower second molar; L6, lower first molar; L3, lower canine; NS, not significant. Data shown is a comparison of absolute values.

Table 4

Relationship between upper basal bone and lower basal bone (unit: mm)

NS, Not significant. ^*p < 0.01; ^†p < 0.001. Data shown is a comparison of absolute values.

Table 5

Comparison of crown and root position between right and left sides (maxillary teeth, unit: mm)

NS, Not significant. U7, U6, U5, U4, U3, U2, and U1 indicates upper 2nd molar, 1st molar, 2nd premolar, 1st premolar, canine, lateral incisor, and central incisor, respectively. Data shown is a comparison of absolute values.

Table 6

Comparison of crown and root position between right and left sides (mandibular teeth, unit: mm)

NS, Not significant. L7, L6, L5, L4, L3, L2, and L1 indicates lower 2nd molar, 1st molar, 2nd premolar, 1st premolar, canine, lateral incisor, and central incisor, respectively. Data shown is a comparison of absolute values.

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