Comparisons of occlusal force according to occlusal relationship, skeletal pattern, age and gender in Koreans

Hye-Rim Yoon; Yoon-Jeong Choi; Kyung-Ho Kim; Chooryung Chung

doi:10.4041/kjod.2010.40.5.304

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Yoon, Choi, Kim, and Chung: Comparisons of occlusal force according to occlusal relationship, skeletal pattern, age and gender in Koreans

Original Article

Korean Journal of Orthodontics

Korean Journal of Orthodontics 2010; 40(5): 304-313.

Published online: 31 October 2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2010.40.5.304

Comparisons of occlusal force according to occlusal relationship, skeletal pattern, age and gender in Koreans

Hye-Rim Yoon, DDS, MSD^a, Yoon-Jeong Choi, DDS, MSD, PhD^b, Kyung-Ho Kim, DDS, MSD, PhD^c, Chooryung Chung, DDS, PhD^d

^aResident, Department of Orthodontics, Gangnam Severance Dental Hospital, College of Dentistry, Oral Science Research Institute, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University, Korea.

^bClinical Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Gangnam Severance Dental Hospital, College of Dentistry, Oral Science Research Institute, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University, Korea.

^cProfessor, Department of Orthodontics, Gangnam Severance Dental Hospital, College of Dentistry, Oral Science Research Institute, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University, Korea.

^dAssistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Gangnam Severance Dental Hospital, College of Dentistry, Oral Science Research Institute, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University, Korea.

Corresponding author: Chooryung Chung. Department of Orthodontics, Gangnam Severance Dental Hospital, 712 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-720, Korea. +82 2 2019 3567; crchung@yuhs.ac

Received 22 May 2010 Revised 5 July 2010 Accepted 19 July 2010

Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the occlusal force and contact area and to find its associating factors in Koreans.

Methods

Occlusal force and contact area in maximum intercuspation were measured using the Dental Prescale® system in 651 subjects (15 with normal occlusion, 636 with various malocclusions divided into subgroups according to the skeletal pattern, Angle's molar relationship, age and gender).

Results

Occlusal force of the normal occlusion group (744.5 ± 262.6 N) was significantly higher than those of the malocclusion group (439.0 ± 229.9 N, p < 0.05). Occlusal force was similar regardless of differences in ANB angle or Angle's molar classification, however the increase in vertical dimension significantly reduced occlusal force (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Occlusal force was significantly lower in the malocclusion group compared to the normal occlusion group, and in females compared to males, but it was not affected by age, antero-posterior skeletal pattern or molar classification. Although a hyperdivergent facial pattern indicated lower occlusal force compared to a hypodivergent facial pattern, the differences in skeletal pattern were not the primary cause of its decrease, but a secondary result induced by the differences in occlusal contact area according to the facial pattern.

Keywords: Occlusal force, Contact area, Maxillofacial skeletal pattern

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Correlation between occlusal force and contact area (A, normal occlusion group; B, malocclusion group).

Table 1

Numbers of subjects by age and gender in malocclusion group

Table 2

Comparison of occlusal force and contact area between normal occlusion and malocclusion groups

SD, Standard deviation; Sig, significance; ^*p < 0.001.

Table 3

Comparison of occlusal force and contact area according to gender (a) and different age groups (b)

SD, Standard deviation; Sig, significance; NS, not significant; ^*p < 0.05; ^†p < 0.001; different letters mean statistical difference between ^a and ^b.

Table 4

Comparison of occlusal force and contact area among different antero-posterior relationships of the maxilla and the mandible

A-P, Antero-posterior; SD, standard deviation; Sig, significance; NS, not significant.

Table 5

Comparison of occlusal force and contact area among different Angle's classification of the first molar

SD, Standard deviation; Sig, significance; NS, not significant.

Table 6

Comparison of occlusal force and contact area among different vertical relationships (a. mandibular plane angle, b. gonial angle)

SD, Standard deviation; Sig, significance; ^*p < 0.05; ^†p < 0.001; different letters mean statistical difference between ^a and ^b.

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