Changes in occlusal force and occlusal contact area after orthodontic treatment

Yoon-Jeong Choi; Chooryung J. Chung; Kyung-Ho Kim

doi:10.4041/kjod.2010.40.3.176

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Choi, Chung, and Kim: Changes in occlusal force and occlusal contact area after orthodontic treatment

Original Article

Korean Journal of Orthodontics

Korean Journal of Orthodontics 2010; 40(3): 176-183.

Published online: 30 June 2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2010.40.3.176

Changes in occlusal force and occlusal contact area after orthodontic treatment

Yoon-Jeong Choi, DDS, MSD, PhD^a, Chooryung J. Chung, DDS, PhD^b, Kyung-Ho Kim, DDS, MSD, PhD^c

^aClinical Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Gangnam Severance Hospital, College of Dentistry, Oral Science Research Institute, The Institute of Cranio-facial Deformity, Yonsei University, Korea.

^bAssistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Gangnam Severance Hospital, College of Dentistry, Oral Science Research Institute, The Institute of Cranio-facial Deformity, Yonsei University, Korea.

^cProfessor, Department of Orthodontics, Gangnam Severance Hospital, College of Dentistry, Oral Science Research Institute, The Institute of Cranio-facial Deformity, Yonsei University, Korea.

Corresponding author: Kyung-Ho Kim. Department of Orthodontics, Gangnam Severance Hospital, 712, Eonjuro, Dogok-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-720, Korea. +82 2 2019 3562; khkim@yuhs.ac

Received 20 March 2010 Revised 8 May 2010 Accepted 11 May 2010

Abstract

Objective

This study was performed to evaluate functional changes of occlusion after orthodontic treatment by measuring the occlusal force (OcFr) and occlusal contact area (OcAr), and to compare OcFr and OcAr change according to premolar extractions.

Methods

Data were obtained from 74 patients who had finished orthodontic treatment using fixed appliance aged between 18 and 40 years. Subjects were divided into groups who had four premolars extractions or non-extraction (Male extraction-16, Male nonextraction-18, Female extraction-19, Female nonextraction-21). All subjects were asked to bite pressure-sensitive sheets into maximum intercuspation with maximum bite force, and OcFr and OcAr were evaluated by measuring the sheet with a CCD camera. Records were taken right after debonding, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after debonding.

Results

OcFr and OcAr increased gradually in all groups during the 1 year retention period (p < 0.05). Male groups showed higher OcFr and OcAr than female groups throughout the retention periods (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences of OcFr and OcAr between extraction and non-extraction groups in both males and females (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Occlusion was improved functionally throughout the 1 year retention, and premolar extraction did not induce a decline in the functional aspect of occlusion.

Keywords: Occlusal force, Occlusal contact area, Retention, Extraction vs. nonextraction

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Occlusal force measured during the 1 year retention period.

Fig. 2

Occlusal contact area measured during the 1 year retention period.

Table 1

Subjects' number, age and cephalometric measurements

Ext, extraction group; nonext, non-extraction group; Sig, significance; NS, not significant. APDI, anteroposterior dysplaia index; ODI, overbite depth indicator.

Table 2

Occlusal force measured during the retention periods and comparison between Extraction and Non-extraction groups (unit: N)

Ext, Extraction group; nonext, non-extraction group; Sig, significance during the retention periods; Sig', significance between extraction and non-extraction groups; NS, not significant; ^*p< 0.05; different letters show post-hoc results following repeated measures ANOVA indicating significant difference from Baseline to After 1 year within each group at a 0.05 significance level.

Table 3

Occlusal contact area measured during the retention periods and comparison between Extraction and Non-extraction groups (unit: mm²)

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