Effect of metal primer and thermocycling on shear bonding strength between the orthodontic bracket and gold alloy

Young Kee Lee; Jung-Yul Cha; Hyung-Seog Yu; Chung-Ju Hwang

doi:10.4041/kjod.2009.39.5.320

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Lee, Cha, Yu, and Hwang: Effect of metal primer and thermocycling on shear bonding strength between the orthodontic bracket and gold alloy

Original Article

Korean Journal of Orthodontics

Korean Journal of Orthodontics 2009; 39(5): 320-329.

Published online: 31 October 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2009.39.5.320

Effect of metal primer and thermocycling on shear bonding strength between the orthodontic bracket and gold alloy

Young Kee Lee, DDS, MSD^a, Jung-Yul Cha, DDS, MSD, PhD^b, Hyung-Seog Yu, DDS, MSD, PhD^c, Chung-Ju Hwang, DDS, MSD, PhD^c

^aGraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Korea.

^bAssistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Korea.

^cProfessor, Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Oral Science Research Institute, The Institute of Cranio-facial Deformity, Yonsei University, Korea.

Corresponding author: Chung-Ju Hwang. Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, 134, Shinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Korea. +82 2 2228 3106; hwang@yuhs.ac

Received 30 March 2009 Revised 14 August 2009 Accepted 16 August 2009

Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of metal primers and thermocycling on shear bond strength between the orthodontic bracket and gold alloy.

Methods

For this study, 80 specimens made of dental gold alloy were divided into 8 groups based on the combination of metal primers (none, Alloy primer, Metaltite, V-primer) and thermocycling (with and without thermocycling). Shear bond strength testing was performed with a universal testing machine. Bond failure sites were classified by a modified ARI (Adhesive Remnant Index) score.

Results

All metal primer treated groups showed a significantly higher shear bond strength than the only sandblasting treated group without thermocycling (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences on shear bond strength in the groups with thermocycling (p > 0.05). Bond failure sites of the metal primer treated group without thermocycling occurred at gold alloy/adhesive interface, whereas there were no differences on bonding failure sites in the groups with thermocycling.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that using metal primer on gold alloy enhances the initial bracket bond strength. But, this effect was not shown with thermocycling.

Keywords: Bond strength, Bracket, Gold alloy, Metal primer

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Equipment and technique for measuring shear bond strength. A, Instron® machine (Model 3345, Instron Co. USA); B, schematic illustration for testing the shear bond strength.

Table 1

The types of metal conditioners assessed in the present study

VTD, 6-(4-vinylbenzyl-n-propyl)amino-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-dithiol,-dithione tautomer; MDP, methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate; MTU-6, 6-methacryloyloxyhexyl 2-thiouracil-5-carboxylate.

Table 2

Classification of study groups

S, Only sandblasting; SA, sandblasting and Alloy primer; SM, sandblasting and Metaltite; SV, sandblasting and V-primer; S', sandblasting and thermocycling; SA', sandblasting, Alloy primer and thermocycling; SM', sandblasting, Metaltite and thermocycling; SV', sandblasting, V-primer and thermocycling.

Table 3

Mean values of shear bond strength with and without thermocycling (Unit: MPa)

SD, Standard deviation; grouping (small letter), identical letters (a, b, c) indicate that the values are not statistically different (p > 0.05); S, only sandblasting; SA, sandblasting and Alloy primer; SM, sandblasting and Metaltite; SV, sandblasting and V-primer; S', sand blasting and thermocycling; SA', sandblasting, Alloy primer and thermocycling; SM', sandblasting, Metaltite and thermocycling; SV', sandblasting, V-primer and thermocycling.

Table 4

Analysis of variance results for shear bond strength

df, degree of freedom.

Table 5

Frequency distribution of the modified ARI scores and result of the Fisher's exact test between the groups

ARI, Adhesive remnant index; S, only sandblasting; SA, sandblasting and Alloy primer; SM, sandblasting and Metaltite; SV, sandblasting and V-primer; S', sand blasting and thermocycling; SA', sandblasting, Alloy primer and thermocycling; SM', sandblasting, Metaltite and thermocycling; SV', sandblasting, V-primer and thermocycling.

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