Skeletal maturation associated with the fourth cervical vertebra and menarcheal timing

Kyu-hong Lee; Yong-in Hwang; Yoon-ji Kim; Yang-ho Park; Seung-hak Baek; Kyung-suk Cha

doi:10.4041/kjod.2008.38.1.52

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Lee, Hwang, Kim, Park, Baek, and Cha: Skeletal maturation associated with the fourth cervical vertebra and menarcheal timing

Original Article

Korean Journal of Orthodontics

Korean Journal of Orthodontics 2008; 38(1): 52-59.

Published online: 29 February 2008

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2008.38.1.52

Skeletal maturation associated with the fourth cervical vertebra and menarcheal timing

Kyu-hong Lee, DDS^a, Yong-in Hwang, DDS^a, Yoon-ji Kim, DDS^a, Yang-ho Park, DDS, MSD, PhD^b, Seung-hak Baek, DDS, MSD, PhD^c, Kyung-suk Cha, DDS, MSD, PhD^d

^aResident, Department of Orthodontics, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Korea.

^bAssociate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Korea.

^cAssociate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Korea.

^dProfessor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Korea.

Corresponding author: Yang-ho Park. Department of Orthodontics, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, 445 Gil-Dong, Gangdong-Gu, Seoul 134-701, Korea. +82 2 2225 2969; dentpark64@hanmail.net

Received 14 September 2007 Revised 12 February 2008 Accepted 14 February 2008

Abstract

Objective

This study analyzed the morphologic changes of the fourth cervical vertebra body to determine the skeletal age of orthodontic patients during growth.

Methods

Eighty-one female patients aged from 11 to 14 who had cephalograms taken on the same day were examined. The subjects were divided into three groups depending on the depth of the concavity of the lower border of the fourth cervical vertebra (Group A: less than 1.05 mm, Group B: 1.05 - 2.07 mm, Group C: greater than 2.07 mm). Menarcheal timing, SMI stage, length, width and ratio of length and width of the fourth cervical vertebra body were analyzed and the following results were obtained.

Results

The average SMI stage of group A,B and C were 5.67 ± 2.57, 8.73 ± 2.41, and 10.00 ± 1.47, respectively. Length, width, ratio of length and width, and SMI stage were greater in group B than group A and in group C than group B. Mean menarcheal timing was 11.64 ± 0.92 years. Concavity depth, length, width, ratio of length and width showed a significant positive correlation with SMI stage, especially with the concavity depth.

Conclusion

The results of this study propose a simple method for determining the timing of orthopedic treatment by measuring the concavity depth of the fourth cervical vertebra on the cephalogram.

Keywords: Cervical vertebra, Hand-wrist, Menarche, Skeletal maturation

Figures and Tables

Fig 1

Measurements of the 4th cervical vertebra.

Fig 2

Scattergram of concavity of 4th cervical vertebra and hand-wrist stage; ^*p < 0.01.

Table 1

Distribution of subjects by concavity depth of the inferior border at the 4th cervical vertebra

Table 2

Distribution of subject by menarche

^*Values were measured by questionnaire

Table 3

Comparison of measurements between Group A, Group B and Group C

SD, Standard deviation; VL, vertical length; HL, horizontal length; ^*p < 0.05; ^†p < 0.01.

Table 4

Comparison of measurements between menarche group and non menarche group

SD, Standard deviation; VL, vertical length; HL, horizontal length; ^*p < 0.05; ^†p < 0.01.

Table 5

Correlation between SMI stage and measurements of 4th cervical vertebra

VL, Vertical length; HL, horizontal length; ^*p < 0.01.

Table 6

Menarche occurrence according to concavity depth of the fourth vertebra and age

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