Effects of surface treatment on the osseointegration potential of orthodontic mini-implant

Mi-sun Jeon; Yoon-Goo Kang; Sung-Seo Mo; Keun-Hye Lee; Yoon-Ah Kook; Seong-Hun Kim

doi:10.4041/kjod.2008.38.5.328

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Jeon, Kang, Mo, Lee, Kook, and Kim: Effects of surface treatment on the osseointegration potential of orthodontic mini-implant

Original Article

Korean Journal of Orthodontics

Korean Journal of Orthodontics 2008; 38(5): 328-336.

Published online: 30 October 2008

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2008.38.5.328

Effects of surface treatment on the osseointegration potential of orthodontic mini-implant

Mi-sun Jeon, DDS, MSD^a, Yoon-Goo Kang, DDS, MSD, PhD^b, Sung-Seo Mo, DDS, MSD^c, Keun-Hye Lee, DDS, MSD^d, Yoon-Ah Kook, DDS, MSD, PhD^e, Seong-Hun Kim, DMD, MSD^d

^aGraduate Student, Graduate School of Clinical Dental Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

^bClinical Fellow, Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

^cAssistant Professor, Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

^dFull Time Lecturer, Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

^eAssociate Professor and Chairman, Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author: Seong-Hun Kim. Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijongbu St. Mary's Hospital, 65-1, Geumo-dong, Uijeongbu 480-717, Korea. +82 31 820 3184; bravortho@catholic.ac.kr

Received 29 March 2006 Revised 11 July 2008 Accepted 13 July 2008

Abstract

Objective

The purpose of this study was to compare the torque resistance to removal of sandblasted large grit and acid etched (SLA) surface treated orthodontic mini-implants and smooth surface orthodontic mini-implants as well as performing histologic observations.

Methods

Two groups of custom screw shaped orthodontic mini-implants (C-implant, 1.8 mm outer diameter × 9.5 mm length, Cimplant, Seoul, Korea) were designated. 22 SLA treated C-implants (SLA group) and 22 machined surface C-implants (machined group) were placed in the tibia metaphysis of 11 adult New Zealand white rabbits. Following a 6-week healing period, the rabbits were sacrificed. Subsequently, the C-implants were removed under reverse torque rotation with a digital torque measuring device and independent t-test was performed. Selected tissues were prepared for histologic observation.

Results

The SLA group presented a higher mean removal torque value (6.286 Ncm) than the machined group (4.491 Ncm) which was statistically significant (p < 0.005). Histologic observation revealed a trend of more new bone formation in contact with the screw surface in the SLA group than the smooth group.

Conclusions

The results of this study suggested that SLA surface treatment can enhance the osseintegration potential for C-orthodontic mini-implants.

Keywords: Surface treatment, Removal torque, Osseointegration, Skeletal anchorage

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Placement of C-implant. A, The machined C-implant placed on the right side of the tibia; B, the SLA treated C-implant placed on the left side of the tibia.

Fig. 2

SLA C-implant (Cimplant, Seoul, Korea). Two component design with head part and screw part.

Fig. 3

Digital removal torque sensor within 0.01 Ncm accuracy (D-1700, Emobile Tech, Seoul, Korea).

Fig. 4

Distribution of removal torque value of machined C-implant.

Fig. 5

Distribution of removal torque value of SLA treated C-implant.

Fig. 6

Machined C-implant microphotograph. The C-implant was removed before histologic preparation. Fibrous encapsulation of bone marrow part of C-implant was observed (H-E staining, × 40).

Fig. 7

Machined C-implant microphotograph. C-implant surface was covered with fibrous tissue. Note the new bone formation (arrow) within the fibrous tissue but not in contact with the implant surface (H-E staining, × 100).

Fig. 8

SLA C-implant microphotograph. C-implant was removed before histologic preparation. Deep part of the implant was covered by fibrous tissue but near cortical bone, new bone formation (dotted circle) was obvious (H-E staining, × 40).

Fig. 9

SLA C-implant microphotograph. Higher magnification of Fig 8. Active new bone formation was observed with reversal line and cytoplasm abundant with osteoblasts (H-E staining, × 100).

Table 1

Removal torque value (Ncm) after 6 weeks of C-implant placement

N, Number; SD, standard deviation; Ncm, Newton per centimeter; ^*p ^* 0.05.

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