The differences of STO between before and after presurgical orthodontics in skeletal Class III malocclusions

Eun-Ju Lee; Woo-Sung Son; Soo-Byung Park; Seong-Sik Kim

doi:10.4041/kjod.2008.38.3.175

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Lee, Son, Park, and Kim: The differences of STO between before and after presurgical orthodontics in skeletal Class III malocclusions

Original Article

Korean Journal of Orthodontics

Korean Journal of Orthodontics 2008; 38(3): 175-186.

Published online: 30 June 2008

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2008.38.3.175

The differences of STO between before and after presurgical orthodontics in skeletal Class III malocclusions

Eun-Ju Lee, DDS^a, Woo-Sung Son, DDS, MSD, PhD^b, Soo-Byung Park, DDS, MSD, PhD^b, Seong-Sik Kim, DDS, MSD, PhD^c

^aResident, Department of Orthodontics, Pusan National University Hospital, Korea.

^bProfessor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Korea.

^cAssistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Korea.

Corresponding author: Woo-Sung Son. Department of Orthodontics, Pusan National University Hospital, 1-10, Ami-dong, Seo-gu, Busan 602-739, Korea. +82 51 240 7443; wsson@pusan.ac.kr

Received 7 January 2008 Revised 21 March 2008 Accepted 24 March 2008

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate the discrepancies between initial STO and final STO in Class III malocclusions and to find which factors are related to the discrepancies.

Methods

Twenty patients were selected for the extraction group and 20 patients for the non-extraction group. They were diagnosed as skeletal Class III and received presurgical orthodontic treatment and mandibular set-back surgery at Pusan National University Hospital. The lateral cephalograms were analyzed for initial STO (T1s) at pretreatment and final STO (T2s) after presurgical orthodontic treatment, and specified the landmarks as coordinates of the X and Y axes.

Results

Differences in hard tissue points (T1s-T2s) in the X coordinates of upper central incisor edge, upper first molar mesial end surface, lower central incisor apex, lower first molar mesial end surface and mesio-buccal cusp and Y coordinates of upper central incisor edge, upper central incisor apex, upper first molar mesio-buccal cusp were statistically significant in the extraction group. Differences in hard tissue points (T1s-T2s) in the X coordinates of upper central incisor edge, lower central incisor apex, lower first molar mesial end surface and Y coordinates of lower central incisor apex were statistically significant in the non-extraction group. In the extraction group, the upper arch length discrepancy (UALD) had a statistically significant effect on maxillary incisor and first molar estimation. Lower arch length discrepancy and IMPA had statistically significant effects on mandibular incisor estimation in both groups.

Conclusions

Discrepancies between initial STO and final STO and factors contributing to the accuracy of initial STO must be considered in treatment planning of Class III surgical patients to increase the accuracy of prediction.

Keywords: Skeletal Class III malocclusion, Presurgical orthodontics, STO, Final STO

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Hard tissue and soft tissue landmarks. VRP, vertical reference plane; HRP, horizontal reference plane; S, sella; Na, nasion; A, subspinale; B, supramentale; Pg, pogonion; Me, menton; U1e, upper central incisor edge; U1a, upper central incisor apex; U6m, upper 1st molar mesial end surface; U6mbc, upper 1st molar mesio-buccal cusp tip; L1e, lower central incisor edge; L1a, lower central incisor apex; L6m, lower 1st molar mesial end surface; L6mbc, lower 1st molar mesio-buccal cusp tip; Sn, subnasale; SLS, superior labial sulcus; ILS, labrale superius; Stm, stomion; LI, labrale inferius; LS, inferior labial sulcus; Pg', soft tissue pogonion; Me', soft tissue menton.

Fig. 2

Horizontal measurements of hard tissue landmarks. 1, VRP-A; 2, VRP-U1a; 3, VRP-U6m; 4, VRP-U6mbc; 5, VRP-L6mbc; 6, VRP-L6m; 7, VRP-L1e; 8, VRP-U1e; 9, VRP-L1a; 10, VRP-B; 11, VRP-Pg; 12, VRP-Me.

Fig. 3

Horizontal measurements of hard tissue landmarks. 1, VRP-A; 2, VRP-U1a; 3, VRP-U6m; 4, VRP-U6mbc; 5, VRP-L6mbc; 6, VRP-L6m; 7, VRP-L1e; 8, VRP-U1e; 9, VRP-L1a; 10, VRP-B; 11, VRP-Pg; 12, VRP-Me.

Fig. 4

Vertical measurements of soft tissue landmarks. 1, HRP-Sn; 2, HRP-SLS; 3, HRP-LS; 4, HRP-Stm; 5, HRP-LI; 6, HRP-ILS; 7, HRP-Pg'; 8, HRP-Me'.

Fig. 5

Horizontal measurements of soft tissue landmarks. 1, HRP-Sn; 2, HRP-SLS; 3, HRP-LS; 4, HRP-Stm; 5, HRP-LI; 6, HRP-ILS; 7, HRP-Pg'; 8, HRP-Me'.

Table 1

Hard tissue changes of initial STO (T1s) and final STO (T2s)

SD, standard deviation; NS, not significant; ^*p < 0.05; ^†p < 0.01.

Table 2

Soft tissue changes of initial STO (T1s) and final STO (T2s)

NS, not significant.

Table 3

Correlation analysis between initial diagnostic factors and hard tissue changes at Δ(T1s-T2s)

^*p < 0.05; ^†p < 0.01; UALD, upper arch length discrepancy; LALD, lower arch length discrepancy; COS, curve of spee.

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