Clinical Approach to Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Children: Revolve Around on Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome and Aerophagia

Kun Song Lee

doi:10.5223/kjpgn.2011.14.Suppl1.S9

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Lee: Clinical Approach to Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Children: Revolve Around on Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome and Aerophagia

Review Article

Korean Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Korean Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2011; 14(Suppl 1): S9-S18.

Published online: 31 December 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5223/kjpgn.2011.14.Suppl1.S9

Clinical Approach to Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Children: Revolve Around on Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome and Aerophagia

Kun Song Lee, M.D.

Department of Pediatrics, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.

Corresponding author (pdlks@hanmail.net)

Received 5 December 2011 Revised 16 December 2011 Accepted 20 December 2011

Abstract

Functional gaonic or recurrent gastrointestinal symptoms not explained by structural or biochemical abnormalities. The Rome II pediatric criteria for FGIDs were announced in 1999. The Rome III criteria, update and revise the pediatric criteria, included FGIDs criteria of infant and toddler to child and adolescent (aged 4 to 18 years). The aerophagia was classified into abdominal pain-related FGIDs in the ROME II criteria. However, cyclic vomiting syndrome and aerophagia, both were classified into vomiting and aerophagia part in the ROME III criteria. We describe the clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and treatments of cyclic vomiting syndrome and aerophaiga among pediatrstrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are defined as a chric FGIDs

Keywords: Functional gastrointestinal disorders, Cyclic vomiting syndrome, Aerophagia, Adolescent, Child

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Esophageal air sign; there was an abnormal air shadow on the proximal esophagus adjacent to the trachea. Adapted from J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2005;41:612-6.

Fig. 2

Clinical approach of aerophagia.

Fig. 3

Evaluation of cyclic vomting syndrome in children. Adapted from J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2008;47:379-93.

Table 1

Diagnostic Criteria^* for Aerophagia Must Include at Least 2 of the Following

^*Criteria fulfilled at least once per week for at least 2 months before diagnosis. Adapted from Gastroenterology 2006;130: 1527-37.

Table 2

Precipitating Factors for Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome

Adapted from Am J Gastroenterol 2007;102:2832-40.

Table 3

Criteria for Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome^*

^*All of the criteria must be met to meet this consensus definition of CVS. Adapted from J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2008;47:379-93.

Table 4

Alarm Symptoms of Being Suspected High Risk Diseases in Diagnosis with Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome

Adapted from J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2008;47:379-93.

Table 5

Prophylactic or Preventive Medications^* in Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome

^*All medication recommendations are made for off-label use. Adapted from J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2008;47:379-93.

Table 6

Sample Treatment Protocol Order Sheet for a Child Having an Acute Attack of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome

Adapted from J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2008;47:379-93.

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