Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease in children shows the rising incidence with evidence of more CD than UC. So the clinical field of childhood IBD is evolving. Recognition of the rising incidence and other epidemiologic results will have important implications for diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease in children. The clinical characteristics of IBD developing in pediatric age somewhat differs from that in adult. This review had been summarized that the incidence, clinical manifestations, practical diagnosis, and utilization of non invasive disease activity index of IBD in pediatric age.
References
1. Xavier RJ, Podolsky DK. Unravelling the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Nature. 2007. 448:427–434.
2. Ishige T, Tomomasa T, Takebayashi T, Asakura K, Watanabe M, Suzuki T, et al. Inflammatory bowel disease in children: epidemiological analysis of the nationwide IBD registry in Japan. J Gastroenterol. 2010. 45:911–917.
3. Kim BJ, Song SM, Kim KM, Lee YJ, Rhee KW, Jang JY, et al. Characteristics and trends in the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in Korean children: a single-center experience. Dig Dis Sci. 2010. 55:1989–1995.
4. Kim ES, Kim WH. Inflammatory bowel disease in Korea: epidemiological, genomic, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics. Gut Liver. 2010. 4:1–14.
5. Yang SK, Yun SH, Kim JH, Park JY, Kim HY, Kim YH, et al. Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in the Songpa-Kangdong district, Seoul, Korea, 1986-2005: a KASID study. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2008. 14:542–549.
6. Baldassano RN, Piccoli DA. Inflammatory bowel disease in pediatric and adolescent patients. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 1999. 28:445–458.
7. Seo JK, Yeon KM, Chi JG. Inflammatory bowel disease in children--clinical, endoscopic, radiologic and histopathologic investigation. J Korean Med Sci. 1992. 7:221–235.
8. Sandler Rs, Everhart JE, Donoswitz M, Adams E, Cronin K, Goodman C, et al. The burden of selected digestive diseases in the United States. Gastroenterology. 2002. 122:1500–1511.
9. Guariso G, Gasparetto M, Pozza LVD, D'Inca R, Zancan L, Sturniolo G, et al. Inflammatory bowel disease developing in paediatric and adult age. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2010. 51:698–707.
10. Malaty HM, Fan X, Opekun AR, Thibodeaux C, Ferry GD. Rising incidence of inflammatory bowel disease among children: a 12-year study. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2010. 50:27–31.
11. Heyman MB, Kirschner BS, Gold BD, Ferry G, Baldassano R, Cohen SA, et al. Children with early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): analysis of a pediatric IBD consortium registry. J Pediatr. 2005. 146:35–40.
12. Ye BD, Jang BI, Jeen YT, Lee KM, Kim JS, Yang SK, et al. Diagnostic guideline of Crohn's disease. Korean J Gastroenterol. 2009. 53:161–176.
13. Choi CH, Jung SA, Lee BI, Lee KM, Kim JS, Han DS, et al. Diagnostic guideline of ulcerative colitis. Korean J Gastroenterol. 2009. 53:145–160.
14. Romano C, Famiani A, Gallizzi R, Comito D, Ferrau V, Rossi P, et al. Indeterminate colitis: a distinctive clinical pattern of inflammatory bowel disease in children. Pediatrics. 2008. 122:e1278–e1281.
15. Bousvaros A. Differentiating ulcerative colitis from Crohn disease in children and young adults: report of a working group of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2007. 44:653–674.
16. Hyams JS, Ferry GD, Mandel FS, Gryboski JD, Kibort PM, Kirschner BS, et al. Development and validation of a pediatric Crohn's disease activity index. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1991. 12:439–447.
17. Hill RJ, Lewindon PJ, Muir R, Grange I, Connor FL, Ee LC, et al. Quality of life in children with Crohn disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2010. 51:35–40.
18. Langhorst J, Elsenbruch S, Koelzer J, Rueffer A, Michalsen A, Dobos GJ. Noninvasive markers in the assessment of intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel diseases: performance of fecal lactoferrin, calprotectin, and PMN-elastase, CRP, and clinical indices. Am J Gastroenterol. 2008. 103:162–169.
19. Vermeire S, Van Assche G, Rutgeerts P. Laboratory markers in IBD: useful, magic, or unnecessary toys? Gut. 2006. 55:426–431.
20. Loonen HJ, Griffiths AM, Merkus MP, Derkx HHF. A critical assessment of items on the Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003. 36:90–95.
21. Leach St, Nahidi L, Tilakaratne S, Dayland AS, Lemberg DA. Development and assessment of a modified Pediatric Crohn Disease Activity Index. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2010. 51:232–236.
22. Turner D, Hyams JS, Markowitz J, Lerer T, Mack DR, Evans J, et al. Appraisal of the pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index (PUCAI). Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2009. 15:1218–1223.
23. Turner D, Otley AR, Mack D, Hyams J, de Bruijne J, Uusoue K, et al. Development, validation, and evaluation of a pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index: a prospective multicenter study. Gastroenterology. 2007. 133:423–432.
24. Kim MJ, Choe YH. Change in the treatment strategy for pediatric Crohn's disease. Korean J Pediatr. 2010. 53:830–833.