Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the feasibility and usefulness of the waist circumference-to-height ratio (WHTR) in screening for obesity in Korean children and adolescents.
Methods
Data, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and height, were obtained from the national growth surveys for children and adolescents in 2005. The WHTR was calculated dividing WC by height in subjects 2~18 years of age. Overweight and obese were defined by BMI percentiles for age and gender. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to find out the optimal cutoff values of WHTR that matched BMI-determined overweight and obesity using the STATA program. The area under the curve (AUC), a measure of diagnostic power, of WHTR was compared to WC. The influence of age on WHTR was analyzed by the SAS program.
Results
The WHTR significantly decreased with age, and had less correlation with age in the 6~18-year-old age group than the 2~5-year-old age group. Furthermore, the WHTR also had less correlation with age than WC in the 6~18-year-old age group. The AUC of WHTR in identifying overweight and obesity was significantly higher than the AUC of WC in the 6~18-year-old age group. The optimal cutoff values were 0.51 in boys and 0.49 in girls for obesity, and 0.48 in boys and 0.47 in girls for overweight, with all having the AUC>0.9. The optimal cutoff values of WHTR had a higher sensitivity for diagnosing obesity than WC≥90th percentiles.
Figures and Tables
Fig. 1
Percentile curves of waist circumference-to-height ratio for Korean children and adolescents 2~18 years of age (A) Boys, (B) Girls. Dashed line shows universal cutoff value of 0.5 for adults. Age: completed age, e.g., 6 years= 6~<7 years etc.
![kjpgn-13-180-g001](/upload/SynapseData/ArticleImage/0121kjpgn/kjpgn-13-180-g001.jpg)
Fig. 2
The area under curves of waist circumference-to-height ratio for diagnosing overweight and obesity were significantly higher than that of waist circumference in both sexes aged 6 to 18 years (A) Obese boys, (B) Obese girls, (C) Overweight and obese boys, (D) Overweight and obese girls.
![kjpgn-13-180-g002](/upload/SynapseData/ArticleImage/0121kjpgn/kjpgn-13-180-g002.jpg)
Table 3
Waist Circumference-to-Height Ratio in the Normal, Overweight, and Obesity Groups 6~18 Years of Age
![kjpgn-13-180-i003](/upload/SynapseData/ArticleImage/0121kjpgn/kjpgn-13-180-i003.jpg)
Table 5
The Optimal Cutoff Values of Waist Circumference-to-Height Ratio in Screening for Body Mass Index-determined Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents 6~18 Years of Age
![kjpgn-13-180-i005](/upload/SynapseData/ArticleImage/0121kjpgn/kjpgn-13-180-i005.jpg)
Table 6
Comparison of Diagnostic Accuracy of Waist Circumference≥90th Percentiles and Optimal Cutoff Values of the Waist Circumference-to-Height Ratio in Screening for Body Mass Index-determined Obesity in Children and Adolescents 6~18 Years of Age
![kjpgn-13-180-i006](/upload/SynapseData/ArticleImage/0121kjpgn/kjpgn-13-180-i006.jpg)
WC: waist circumference, WHTR: waist circumference-to-height ratio. *Reference to optimal value in Table 5.
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