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Abstract
Purpose:
Foot and ankle disease (FAD) is a frequent cause of morbidity among the homeless population. Various conditions, exacerbated by malnutrition, poor lifestyle habits, psychiatric disorders, physical injuries, poor hygiene, and limited access to healthcare, have been described in this population. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cognition and management status of FAD in shelter-based homeless people.
Materials and Methods:
Fifty-two male and twenty-five female volunteer homeless individuals were recruited from two homeless shelters. Each person completed a questionnaire assessing any presence of pain, pain management, as well as foot and ankle care status. A foot and ankle surgeon examined the physical status of the individual’s foot and ankle, including tenderness and instability. A radiologic evaluation was done for 18 male and 11 female homeless people who agreed to participate in this test for the existence osteophyte or joint space narrowing representing osteoarthritis and some reference angles for hallux valgus, flatfoot and cavus foot.
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Table 1.
Visual Examination
Table 2.
Physical Examination
| Variable | Male (n=52) | Female (n=25) |
|---|---|---|
| Tenderness | ||
| Ankle | 7 (13.5) | 7 (28.0) |
| Hindfoot | - | 1 (4.0) |
| Midfoot | 2 (3.8) | 5 (20.0) |
| Forefoot | 3 (5.8) | 2 (8.0) |
| Stress test | ||
| Anterior drawer test 13 (25.0) 9 (36.0) | ||
Table 3.
Radiologic Evaluation
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