Clinical applications and limitations of a special formula for diarrhea in children

Kun Song Lee; Jung Hwa Lee

doi:10.5124/jkma.2012.55.6.551

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Lee and Lee: Clinical applications and limitations of a special formula for diarrhea in children

Focused Issue of This Month

Diarrheal Disease in Children

Journal of the Korean Medical Association

Journal of the Korean Medical Association 2012; 55(6): 551-561.

Published online: 14 June 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2012.55.6.551

Clinical applications and limitations of a special formula for diarrhea in children

Kun Song Lee, MD¹, Jung Hwa Lee, MD²

¹Department of Pediatrics, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.

²Department of Pediatrics, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Chungju, Korea.

Corresponding author: Kun Song Lee, pdlks@dankook.ac.kr

Received 12 March 2012 Accepted 26 March 2012

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Diarrheal disorders in childhood are the second most common cause of child deaths worldwide. Nutritional rehabilitation is the most important factor among treatments when diarrheal disorders develop and has a general beneficial effect on the patient's condition, intestinal function, and immune response. Breast milk is the most nutritious food for treating acute and chronic diarrhea in infants. Until now, many infant formulas have been developed, and particularly, special formulas for treating acute or chronic diarrhea are commonly used. Lactose-free formulas, soy based formulas, and hydrolyzed and amino acid-based formula are typical formulas. In general, replacement with specialized lactose-free formulations is unnecessary in children with persistent diarrhea, and it has been reported that infants that are not severely compromised have food allergy and intestinal failure. However, a general knowledge does not always applied to all populations because the genetic, economic or environmental factors are different. Physicians should know about the components and characteristics of special formulas in order to coach parents to use these formulas properly.

Keywords: Chronic diarrhea, Infant, Infant formula

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Normal assimilation of carbohydrate in the intestine (From Kleinman RE, et al. Walker's pediatric gastroin-testinal disease: physiology, diagnosis, management. Hamilton: BC Decker Inc.; 2008) [11].

Table 1

Special formulas for acute diarrhea and standard formula

^a)Maeil, Seoul, Korea; ^b)Nam Yang, Seoul, Korea; ^c)United Pharmaceuticals, France; ^d)Ildong, Seoul, Korea, standard formula.

Table 2

Soy protein based formula

^a)Maeil, Seoul, Korea; ^b)Nam Yang, Seoul, Korea; ^c)Ildong, Seoul, Korea; ^d)Abbott, Chicago, IL, USA.

Table 3

Extensively hydrolyzed formula and amino acid formula

^a)Maeil, Seoul, Korea; ^b)Nutricia, Liverpool, UK.

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